Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

egocentrism in attribution

attributing all successes to internal causes is called ego- enhancing strategy while attributing all failures to external causes is called ego- protecting strategy.. both strategies are self-serving and are considered illogical models of attributions. mann observed this strategy among football fans . mann found that fans of winning football teams tended to attribute game outcomes to internal causes such as ability while fans of losing teams tended to attribute game outcomes to external causes such as luck and biased officiating.

Attribution and Affect

Causal Attributions in Need Achievement Situations

the results indicated that (1) the typical pattern of attributions, regardless of outcome, was internal, unstable and controllable (2)members of winning used the controllable as opposed to uncontrollable attributions attributions much more than the losing team did (3) attributions generally referred to the team as a whole and (4)teamwork or lack of teamwork was by far the most frequently used attribution for success or failure

The kind of attributions that we make in response to outcomes are closely associated with affect, or emotion. An internal attribution generally results in greater affect than an external attribution.

Rotter (1971) stated the following generalities about locus of control:

(1) children coming from a lower socioeconomic environment tend to be external.

(2) children tend to become more internal with age, and

(3) highly external people feel they are at the mercy of their environment, they are continually being manipulated by outside forces.

Internal/External Attributions

Regarding the internal and external dimensions of attribution, several lines of research have evolved. Three of them are of particular interest to us in this section. One of them has dealt with the notion of locus of control at the exclusion of the stability dimension. Another has investigated the relationship between affect and attribution. The third has concentrated on the notion of covariation.

Locus of Control

locus of control, or the extent to which people believe they are responsible for their behavioral outcomes, has often been cited as an important factor in achievement-oriented behavior(Chalip, 1980.

Covariation Principle

According to this princilple, when the performance of others agrees (covaries) with the performance of the subject, attributions will be external. If the performance of others disagrees ( lack of covariation ) with the performance of the subject, attributions will be internal

Attributions and Expectancy

Suppose an athlete with a history of success. Or suppose an athlete who consistently loses suddenly experiences success. To what is this athlete likely to attribute the success? One might expect both athletes to attribute their unexpected outcomes to some type of unstable factor such us luck, officiating, or effort.

Causal Attribution Theory

Learned Helplessness

Attribution Theory

The person who displays these characteristics in achievement situations is suffering from Learned Helplessness.

This is a psychological state in which people feel that events are out of their control.

  • is a cognitive approach to motivations. It assumes that people strive to explain, understand, and predict events based on their cognitive perception.

  • evaluates how students interprets events and how their thinking impacts their behaviors.

Sports Psychology

Sex difference

the literature on motor tasks and the sport setting does not reveal a consistent difference between the cusal attribution of men and women.that is, male attribute winning or losing to any particular cause any more than females do,

In the Iso-Ahola study, boys and girls did not differ significantly in attributions for success or failure, but an interesting sex-stereotype finding was reported. specifically, if a boy lost to a boy, he was willing to attribute the loss to lack of ability, but if the opponent was female he was not willing to do so.

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi