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Culture of the Southwest Native Americans
Southwest Indian Culture
Culture of the Southwest Native Americans
The animals and the Plants, Trees and Crops provided their food, clothing, shelter and decorations - the Hopi, Zuni and Yuam tribes were farmers whereas the Apache and Navajo tribes were nomadic hunters. Their Houses therefore depended on the materials available to them and whether the home was permanent or temporary.
Houses, Shelters, and Homes
Southwest Native Americans Culture Groups
The different types of houses, shelters, and homes depended on the materials available and whether the homes were permanent or temporary. The homes of the Southwest Indians included Adobe (pueblo) clay houses or Hogans. Wooden or bone ladders were used to reach buildings and rooms.
Animals
The animals available to the Southwest Native Americans included desert animals such as reptiles and snakes. There was also wild turkey which supplemented their diet
Languages
The languages of the Southwest Native Americans included Siouan, Algonquian, Caddoan, Uto-Aztecan and Athabaskan
The Indian tribes who are categorized in the Southwest Native Americans culture group fall into three main categories:
◾The Farmers - The Yuma and Pima
◾The Villagers - The Zuni, Pueblo and Hopi
◾The Nomads - The Apache and Navajo
Crops
The crops included corn. The tribes grew 24 different types of corn. They also grew beans, squash, melons,pumpkins,and fruit. Huge cactus called organ pipe and the saguaro grew in the desert.
Religion, Ceremonies and Beliefs
Kachina Dolls
Kachina dolls are made from wood and costumes to look like the men who dressed up as the Kachina spirits
The Religion, Ceremonies and Beliefs were based on Animism. Kachina figures - sacred spirits of dead ancestors who bring the rain. The Shaman or Medicine Men of the tribes also use objects called Prayer Sticks. The ceremonies of the Southwest Native Americans included the winter and summer soltice festivals of the Niman during which the Snake Dance was performed and the Soyal festival.
Geography and Environment
The Geography and Environment can be generally described as inhospitable desert land covered with cactus. Dry, rocky land. Hot and arid. Little rain, crops required irrigation.