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HBB is short for hemoglobin, beta. It is also known as CD113t-C; beta-globin. It is a gene located on chromosome 11 at 11p15.5. It is 1,606 nucleotides long, located from 5,246,696 to 5,248,301. However, less than half of those nucleotides, 626, are included in exons. The remaining 980 nucleotides are transcribed as introns in the mRNA. That being said, there are only 2 introns and 3 exons in this gene. An interesting fact is that there are about 794 different variants of the gene HBB, which is more than the number of nucleotides expressed in the exons.
Sarah Hamad
Many genes are located along chromosome 11, among them HBB at location 11p15.5
As we all know, most genes code for proteins and HBB is no exception. HBB codes for the protein beta-globin. It also goes by the name hemoglobin, beta. This protein is 147 amino acids in length and forms the beta portion of the hemoglobin structure. Hemoglobin also consists of two alpha stands and four heme proteins as well as the two beta strands that are coded by this gene.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3043#genomic-regions-transcripts-products
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/varvu?gene=3043
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/ADL14493.1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/mmdb/mmdbsrv.cgi?uid=18885
http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0019825
http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005506
http://www.psc.edu/science/Ho/Ho-hemoglobin.html
https://chemistryinmedicine.wordpress.com/tag/haemoglobin/
The structure of hemoglobin showing the two alpha strands, two beta strands, and four heme proteins (green).
Who has it?
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How Does it look?
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Where is it?
Everything you ever wanted to know about hemoglobin
What does it do?
Hemoglobin is a protein present in every single one of us as well as many other organisms. It affects our daily lives because it is vital for oxygen delivery in our bodies. The amino acid sequence of beta-globin, the beta strands in hemoglobin, is essential for healthy blood cells and their structure. For example, one amino acid change in the sequence of beta-globin results in sickle cell anemia. You cannot live without this protein because it is the major oxygen carrying protein in your body.
The proper function of hemoglobin is crucial in a healthy body. Hemoglobin is the protein that transfers oxygen from your lungs to every cell in your body. The beta strand of hemoglobin has many functions which are mostly all about binding, including: haptoglobin binding, heme binding, iron ion binding, oxygen binding, and a few more. In oxygen and iron binding, for example, HBB interacts selectively and non-covalently with the oxygen and iron in the blood. Hemoglobin is the protein that carries oxygen via the blood throughout the body in the arteries to the needed cells.
What our genes go through to become functional proteins
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that transfers oxygen via red blood cells. Oxygen binds to the heme groups in the protein changing the conformation of hemoglobin. Because of the shape of hemoglobin, it is very hard to bind the first oxygen to a heme group. However, after one oxygen is bound the other three heme groups bind oxygen quite easily. This phenomenon is called cooperativity. This is possible because hemoglobin undergoes a conformational change, or shape change, when each oxygen binds. The same is true for the reverse situation, when one oxygen is released from the heme group it becomes much easier for the other three to unbind.