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Early Choson and Creation of the Yangban society

Foundation

Foundation

- Yi Song-gye - King Taejo

- July 1392

- “Dynastic Foundation Merit Subjects”

- Joseon Dynasty " "

Government organization

Goverment organization

- The King

- The State Council (Uijongbu)

- Six Ministries (Yukcho)

- Eight Provinces

The State Council

The State Council

- The highest

- Giving opinions about important matters to the King

- 3 high-state councilors, 4 junior councilors

Six Ministries

Six Ministries

1. Personnel

2. Taxation

3. Rites

4. Defence

5. Justice

6. Commerce

8 Provinces

Eight Provinces

- Kyonggi, Ch’ungch’ong, Kyongsang, Cholla, Hwanghae, Kangwon, Hamgil (today called Hamgyong), and P’yongan

- Centrally appointed governor and six government departments

- Provinces were divided into counties

Neo-Confucianism/ Buddhism

Neo-Confucianism/ Buddhism

- Favoritism of Neo-Confucianism

- Oppression of Buddhism

Favoritism of Neo-Confucianism

Neo-Confucianism

- The state ideology

- "Dogmatic, intolerant of divergent views, and insistent on the need to remodel society based on its principles"

- Core principles

Seowon Neo-Confucian academy

Oppression of Buddhism

Buddhism

- Buddhism was regarded as "an undesirable alien faith"

- Anti-Buddhist policy

Social strata

Social strata

Yangban

Chungin

Yangmin

Cheonmin

Yangban ( )

Yangban

Yangban

- The highest social class

- Civil officials (Munban) & Military officials (Muban)

- Bureaucratic positions granted to yangbans who passed the civil service exams.

Military exam pass certificate

Chungin ( )

Chungin

- Middle people

- Upper middle class

- Highly educated specialists: engineers, scientists, astronomers,...

Yangmin ( )

Yangmin

- Commoners

- Mostly poor farmers

- Some engaged in crafts or commerce

Cheonmin ( )

Cheonmin

- Vulgar commoners

- The lowest caste of commoners

- Hereditary

- Based on "unclean" professions: butchers, shoemakers, metalworkers, magicians, jailkeepers, performers (kisaeng)...

Nobi

Nobi

King Sejong

King Sejong

- Sejong the Great - 4th ruler of Choson Dynasty

- 1418 - 1450

- Greatest monarch

- Hangul - Korean alphabet

Science & Technology

Celestial globe

Water clock

Science & Technology

- Under the reign of King Sejong was Korea's greatest period of scientific advancement

Gangnido map

Rain gauges

Bonus

Bonus

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