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Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet

(1901-1985)

By Veronica Shin: 3D

1) Jean Dubuffet biography

Jean Philippe Arthur Dubuffet was born in Le Havre in July 31,1901. In 1918,

he moved to Paris in order to study painting, however, in 1924 he became suspicious about the value of art, and so he stopped painting and followed

after father’s wine business. There were many times he tried art and then stopped. In 1930, he restarted painting portraits, emphasizing art history. Later in 1942, he painted nude women and people in commonplace of everyday life with strong colors. There was a person who encouraged and affected him to recognize meaningful art. It was Jean Fautrier. Like him, Jean Dubuffet began to apply thick oil paint mixed with sand and gravel and in 1946; he exhibited his works at Galerie Rene Drouin. Almost all of his works were painted with oil paint; using impasto thickened by sand, tar, straw which gave textured surface.

And since 1962, he used limited colors; only red, white, black and blue when creating works. Later at the end of the 1960s, he changed his interest towards sculptures and created works in light medium polystyrene which later was painted with vinyl paints. It was because he could model quickly and change easily from one to the other work. When it came to the end of the 1960s, he produced large sculpture-habitations where people could stay, relax and think. And Dubuffet died in Paris in May 12, 1985.

He became one of the most famous French

painters and sculptors of the 20th century.

2) Jean Dubuffet's 2D artworks

including similarities and influences

to his 3D sculptures!

Jean Dubuffet’s 2D and 3D works have great similarity. The great similarity is depended on colors he used for 2D and 3D works.

Almost all the time, he applied limited colors red, white, black and

blue which made the art work very unique, noticeable and that the colors in his artwork are blended all together. Not only the colors

but also patterns with lines and shapes he created are mixed together. Moreover, even though his 2D art works weren’t of course seen in round shape, he applied materials such as sand, tar and straw when painting with oil so that his works had textured surfaces and that it looks realistic. And he used various types of paints such as Coucou Bazar. From this, he was influenced and started to expand paintings and create sculptures firstly in small scale with materials like light medium polystyrene, papier machier and vinyl paint. And then

moved on to large scale sculpture habitations where people could wander around. And it wasn’t until end of the 1960s that Jean

Dubuffet started to work on 3D sculptures.

2D work: Sophie Webel 3D works: Jardin d’Hiver

Influence...

3D works: Villa Falbala

3) Evaluation of 4 of

Jean Dubuffet''s artworks

1.

Title: Jardin d'email

Size: 3D work, 960x1280

Location: Kroller Muller Sculpture garden in Otterlo, Netherlands

This is Jean Dubuffet’s 3 dimensional artwork. It looks simple but still bold and noticeable because he applied only black and white which contrasts to each other. This is full of organic shapes that are curved, flowing lines and there is no shapes with straight edges and symmetric. Moreover, there is big positive space, but no negative space. Also, this artwork is huge and seen in around shape that people can walk around it and see different views.

2.

Title: Autoportrait II, 1966

Size: 2D work, 298x460

There are different linear and uniform colored patterns. The limited colors red, black white and blue made his face look stable and interesting and think black outlines emphasizes his face as bold and noticeable. This artwork is his portrait, so not much of geometric shapes are used, but he made different parts of his face with organic shapes; symmetric, curved lines, creating eye path. This is 2D work, so that there is no negative space, but only positive space on the wall since the work is flat piece.

3.

Title: Monumental Sculpture from the Hourloupe Cycle

Size: 3D work, 375x640

Location: Pace Wildenstein, New York

This is one of Jean Dubuffet’s famous Hourloupe Cycle. Even though each one of these look like 2 dimensional; flat, they are

3 dimensional because they are seen in around shape that it has different views for front, side and back. Jean Dubuffet has unique style to apply simple limited colors, red, black, blue and white.

And this one as well. This artwork has both geometric and organic shapes; curved lines. Even though this artwork looks quite confusing, if looking close, it’s full of geometric shapes and has distinct parts of face and body. Lastly, it only has positive space.

4.

Title: Group of Four Trees

Size: 3D work, 800x578

Location: Chase Manhattan Bank Plaza, between Nassau and William Streets.

This is another Jean Dubuffet’s big 3 dimensional artwork which is seen around shape that people are look at it in different views. The shapes of the trees are created with white and connected together by bold black curved and straight lines. The one disadvantage of looking is that it is full of just simple colors even though the real trees are pure green. The tree’s canopies lean in different directions and heights of four trees are all different which directs people’s eyes to move all around. This is all positive spaces, full of organic shapes which seem like shapes on real trees.

4) Compare and Contrast one of

Jean Dubuffet's sculptures and Ronald Bladen who worked in same period.

Who is Ronald Bladen?

He is Canadian-born, American sculptor from

1918 to 1988. He was firstly active as a painter.

He painted in style of abstract expressionism with landscape forms, which he colored with organic colors. Later in 1962, he began to work on free-standing, colored sculptures from plywood boards with metal struts. He represented many of his sculptures with geometric forms with simple colors.

Ronald Bladen's Jean Dubuffet's

There are some similarities and differences in these Jean Dubuffet

and Ronald Bladen’s 3 dimensional artwork. Firstly, the similarity is that artwork itself is very simple with one distinct color. Unlike other artists

in this same period, they both applied these colors, black or white. And because they are very unique, they grab a lot of attentions. Moreover,

the sculpture themselves are divided into pieces, even though the way to divide is different. Jean Dubuffet’s sculpture is divided with vivid curved and straight lines into chunks of organic shapes. However, Ronald Bladen’s sculpture doesn’t have any noticeable lines, but sculpture is actually

divided into two pieces, and the shapes themselves are not organic shapes, but more like geometric shapes with clear, sharp edges and surfaces. Furthermore, even though they both are 3 dimensional with

only positive spaces and seen in around shape, Jean Dubuffet’s sculpture is comparably flat like 2 dimensional, but Ronald Bladen’s have various views and angles to look around having no front or back. Lastly, they both are located at outside since sculpture are very wide and tall.

5) Citation

* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Dubuffet

* http://www.canalcontemporaneo.art.br/e-nformes.php?codigo=2492

* http://neetisartblog.blogspot.com/2008/10/blog-3-autoportrait-ii-by-jean-dubuffet.html

* http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jardin_d%27%C3%A9mail_Dubuffet.jpg

* http://www.contemporaryartdaily.com/tag/jean-dubuffet/

* http://www.blueofthesky.com/publicart/works/fourtrees.htm

* http://ronaldbladenestate.com/biography.html

* http://lookintomyowl.com/ronald-bladen-sculpture.html

* http://www.s9.com/Biography/Dubuffet-Jean

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