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La Raza Unida Party is formed and focuses its political campaigns and outreach on better housing, work, and educational opportunities

for Mexican-Americans.

Followers of the American Indian Movement sieze and occupy Wounded Knee, South Dakota as a protest towards the United States government's failure to fulfill treaties with Indian people and demanded the reopening of treaty negotiations.

An amendment to the 1965 Immigration Act, the Refugee Act of 1980 provided resettlement options for refugees, mostly from Indochina, and assisted them in achieving economic self-sufficiency while in the United States. This act was partially passed in response to the fall of Vietnam and Southeast Asia

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) is formed by young leaders within the larger Civil Rights Movement. SNCC focused alot of their work on sit-ins and freedom rides, targeting states within the Deep South

As the Civil Rights Movement picks up speed, Asian Americans join other communities of color to become more politically conscious and active

1970

Cesar Chavez creates the National Farm Workers Association (NFWA), later the United Farm Workers, and fights for equal rights and better treatment for farmworkers. Chavez himself later becomes an icon for labor and civil rights movement, popularizing the famous slogan "Si se puede!"

1973

1980

1960

1960s

1962

The Cable Act revokes the citizenship of any American women who marries and Asian man

Only white male adult property owners have the right to vote

The immigration station at Angel Island is opened, and used to detain numerous Asian immigrants. The polar opposite of Ellis Island, which was seen as welcoming and hospital, Angel Island was unpleasant and discouraging. Its numerous examinations, both physical and mental, ended up sending many immigrants home, even though San Francisco and the rest of the US were just a few miles away.

1922

1790

1910

The death of Vincent Chin unites the Asian Pacific American community to form the American Citizens for Justice and demand a retrial against his two killers. Chin, who was Chinese, was taken as Japanese and brutally murdered in another instance of foreigner racilization and discrimination.

Dalip Singh Saund becomes the first Asian American, Indian American, and Sikh member to join Congress

1982

Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, which shapes a defining moment in the Civil Rights Movement and calls for the end of racism and discrimination in the United States of America

1957

1963

In the U.S. vs. Bhagat Singh Thind case, the Supreme Court ruled that Thind could not be a naturalized citizen because he was not a "white person" and retroactively revoked the citizenship of all Indian Americans

The Trail of Tears forcibly removes Native Americans from their homelands and places them in Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma). Many suffered from disease and starvation on the trip and an estimated 6,000 people perished

The Phillipines is given to the U.S. by Spain after the Spanish-American War, Filipinos are given US Nationals status as part of the territorial system

1923

1898

1838

Hawaii is annexed by the United States government, an action conducted years after Queen Liliuokalani is forced to abdicate her throne. Hawaiians are now forced to live under a government which had spent the past decades extracting their resources and ravaging their land and people

The astonishing acquittals of the officers involved in the Rodney King trial fuels civil unrest in Los Angeles, leading many to rise as a form of protest and calling into question the fairness of the justice system.

The uprising leads to a sweeping number of reforms in Los Angeles and highlights a crucial problem in the political landscape of America

Following a report issued by the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Citizens, and a campaign led by the JACL, President Reagan signs the Civil Liberties Act, formally apologizing to those sent to internment camps and paying $20,000 in reparations

1992

1988

The 15th Amendment is passed.

It gives former slaves the right to vote and protects the voting rights of adult male citizens of any race. It stated that "right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"

In the Tape vs. Hurley case, 8 year-old Mamie Tape is denied admission to a school because she is Chinese, and a separate school district is created for Chinese students

1870

1885

The Voting Rights Act prohibits any voting qualification or prerequisite (such as literacy tests) that denies the right of any citizen to vote based on race or color

The monumental Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 abolishes the quota system and welcomes immigrants based on their skills and professions, as well as a system based on family reunification. This allows for a large number of Asian Americans to enter the U.S. after decades of exclusion and the new influx of immigrants allows for Asians to influence the vote

The Luce-Celler Act allows Indians and Filipinos to become citizens, allows 100 Filipinos and 100 Indians to immigrate into the U.S. each year

1965

1946

The Immigration Act of 1924 expands immigration restrictions to all Asian people

The Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee, led by Filipino farm workers, decides to strike against Delano grape growers. Their protest is supported and bolstered by the National Farm Workers Association. The two later join together and form the United Farm Workers of America

California voters pass Proposition 209, which prohibits preferential treatment based on race, ethnicity, and gender in admissions, hiring, and contracting for public institutions such as public schools and employment, choosing against affirmative action

1924

1996

The Page Act is the first federal immigration law and prohibited the entry of immigrants considered “undesirable”, and prevents Asian women from immigrating by portraying them as "immoral" and as prostitutes. This severely affected the flow of immigration for Chinese women and disturbed the balance of Chinese families in the US

The Chinese in New York establish the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA) to serve and protect the interests of the Chinese people

1875

1883

The Obama Administration announces that it will stop deporting young adults ("Dreamers") who came to the U.S. as children, and begin giving them work permits and the chance to naturalize as U.S. citizens

Khmer, Thai, and Hindi are added as new translated languages on voting ballots and materials

Balbir Singh Sodhi is shot and killed by Frank Roque in retaliation of the September 11 attacks. Sodhi was an Indian American and a victim of the Islamophobia that was

catalyzed after the 9/11 attacks

The Third World Liberation Front, a coalition of students of color, organize strikes to fight for Ethnic Studies programs at San Francisco State University and University of California, Berkeley

2012

2011

2001

The Tydings-McDuffie Act granted Philippines independence from the U.S., but as a result Filipinos were excluded from entering the U.S.

President Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066 authorizing the internment of more than a hundred thousand Japanese Americans

1968

Arizona enacts SB 1070, the broadest and strictest anti-immigration law in the United States. Its passing prompts outcry of racial profiling and continued discrimination against immigrations under federal law

The Chinese Exclusion Act, passed by Congress, bans immigration for 10 years and prevents Chinese Americans from naturalizing as U.S. citizens.

It is the first piece of US legislation actively discriminating against a racial/ethnic group. An apology is issued 130 years later in 2012

1934

1942

The Young Lords, a Puerto Rican nationalist group, is found. The group bases most of their activity around self-determination for Puerto Rico and around local community issues such as gentrification, health, and police injustice.

1882

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