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Artificial Organs
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Artificial Organs
Bella Milroy
Ms B - Ms Lo Grande
Body Shop
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Personal Perspective:
- 2050
- 95% success
- All organs will be able to be produced
But How?
"We are trying to lead the nation to a new way of conducting research and advancing science that is not exclusive" - Darrell Kotton
What Artificial Organs will be made?
Where to from here?
1. Bioartificial Liver:
- Currently in phase 1
2. Artificial Lung:
- Improve efficiency and the
biocompatibility
Social/Ethical/Legal/Financial issues associated with the progression?
Financial:
Social:
Ethical:
Legal:
How do they make Artificial Organs?
HART
- creates the scaffold
- hundredth of the width of human hair
"That makes a mesh that's the right size for the cells" Green
- Tissue Engineering: the use of a combination of cells; engineering and materials methods
- Bioprinting or 3D printing
History of Artificial Organs
1945/1946:
1982:
- G. Murray (Toronto) develops a stationary drum artificial kidney
2011 onwards:
- Willem Kolff contributed to the design of the Javrik Heart
- The world's first successful artificial heart
- Survived 112 days
- Eight patients have been given a new chance at life
- Must not be continuously tethered to a stationary power supply or other resources such as filters or chemical processing units.
- To help those who cannot find suitable donor for transplant
- help improve a person's life
- Improves one's ability to interact
What are artificial Organs?
1969:
2011:
Paolo Macchiarini
Artificial Trachea
- The first clinical application of the total artificial heart.
- Designed by D, Liotta
- A pneumatically powered heart
- Woman survives 64 hours on the TAH and 32 hours following the transplantation
- In Sweden
- Transplanted a fully synthetic, tissue engineered organ - a trachea.
- Created entirely in the lab by using a scaffold built out of a porous polymer, and tissue grown from the patient's own stem cells inside a bioreactor designed to protect the organ and promote cell growth.
An Artificial Organ is a man-made device that is implanted or integrated into a human to replace a natural organ, for the purpose of duplicating a specific function or a group of related functions so the patient may return to a normal life as soon as possible.