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The novel of Robinson Crusoe
(York, England; London; Sallee;
North Africa; Brazil; Trinidad;
Lisbon; Spain).
Historical Background
-The story of Robinson Crusoe is believed to be based on the real-life experience of a Scottish sailor named Alexander Selkirk.
Swift uses the journal to make events more realistic.
In this diary,Robinson describes the adventures around the island. Keeping a journal keeps track of the days, but helps give him new direction as well.
The journal helps Crusoe focus on civilized behavior, which keeps him from going insane.
THE PREFACE
Robinson's capability
The providence
The realism
The editor emphasizes Robinson's story as:
• An History of fact;
• The working of divine providence;
• An educational example offering moral improvement.
Crusoe wants to see the world. His father forbids it.
Crusoe leaves home and travels the world. Bad luck follows.
Crusoe is shipwrecked on a deserted island
Crusoe finds a footprint in the sand.
Crusoe meets Friday.
Crusoe helps overtake the mutineers.
Crusoe returns home.
Chapter I - Start in life
I will call you Friday!
Specific references to reality
Why?
What else do you have to do,today?
First person narrative
Family setting
Individual setting
Their relationship certainly seems to be ambiguous and open to interpretation.
I was born in the year 1632,in the city of York,of a good family,though not of that country,my father being a foreigner of Bremen,who settled first at Hull. He got a good estate by merchandise,and leaving off his trade lived afterward at York,from whence he had married my mother,whose relations were named Robinson,a good family in that country,and from whom I was called Robinson Kreutznear ; but by usual corruption of words in England we are now called , nay , we call ourselves , and white our name,Crusoe , and so my companions always called me.
I had two elder brothers , one of witch was lieutenant-colonel to an English regiment of foot in Flanders,formerly commanded by the famous Colonel Lockhart , and was killed at the battle near Dunkirk against the Spaniards ; what became of my second brother I never knew,any more than my father and mother did know what was become of me.
"I[Crusoe] made him know his Name should be Friday … I likewise taught him to say Master, and then let him know, that was to be my Name"
This colonial master – servant aspect of the relationship is expressed repeatedly in the text
Crusoe never informs Friday of his real name, which displays a certain hierarchy system i.e. Crusoe is the master and he is 'higher' than Friday, who is merely the servant.
As soon as Robinson Crusoe becomes aware of the situation he got himself into, he immediately starts to use any available resources that he could find in the hostile environment he is in.
Robinson represents the discriminatory colonist, and Friday represents enslaved natives without identity.
Robinson spokesman of Puritan ideology . Although Crusoe has an individual independence, he can not survive without the Providence.
Historical setting
-Transition (a shift from an aristocratic order to a capitalist system)
-The rise of printed culture
-The expansion of the reading public
-The spread of coffehouses
-Increased industrialization
Some differences between Gulliver and Robinson
Giulia La Malfa
&
Mirko Montante
To: CLASS VB and Miss Di Maria
From: The island of Despair
An Analysis on Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe