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Perestroika and Glasnost

What were Gorbachev's goals?

Rekjavik, Iceland

A soldier loyal to the coup leaders stands on top of his tank in Moscow's Red Square

21 August: A barricade made up of coaches, trolley buses and lorries in central Moscow

August 20th:Moscow residents buy newspapers carrying a statement to the Soviet people by the coup leaders during the second day of the coup

A soldier crosses a makeshift barricade in front of the Russian White House following the failed coup attempt

Russian President, Boris Yeltsin, makes an address while standing on the roof of an armored tank outside the White House in Moscow on the first day of the coup

The August Coup

Aftermath of the Coup

Crowds cheer as soldiers pass by in tanks following their defection to Boris Yeltsin

Mikhail Gorbachev makes his first appearance following the coup to reporters outside his country dacha in Foros before returning to Moscow

22 August: People gather in Red Square to celebrate the failure of the attempted coup

23 August: Boris Yeltsin applauds Mikhail Gorbachev as he addresses the Russian parliament following the attempted coup

August 21: Gorbachev released

August 24: Gorbachev resigns as General Secretary of the CPSU

August-September: Yeltsin bans the CPSU and any Party activities in Russia

December 8: Yeltsin creates the Commonwealth of Independent States and annuls the 1922 union treaty that had established the Soviet Union

December 25: Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union which now formally ceases to exist

August 19-21, 1991The New Union Treaty Coup Leaders: KGB Vladimir Kryuchkov,  Internal Affairs Minister Pugo, Defense Minister Dmitriy Yazov, and Prime Minister Pavlov General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and President of the Soviet Union (CPSU): Mikhail Gorbachev placed under house arrest Russian President Boris Yeltsin was not arrested, led demonstrations against the plotters

Gorbachev calls Perestroika a "difficult process."

Success or Failure?

Gorbachev claims Perestroika "didn't fail" and believes Glasnost was successful.

Moscow

How did the policies contribute to the end of the Soviet Union?

Gorbachev says he would still be in power had he not promoted "restructuring" and "openness" reforms.

Geneva, Switzerland

Stavropol

New York

Washington, D.C.

Mikhail Gorbachev:

The USSR's Final Revisionist

Daniel Steinman, Faith Grabarz, Daniel Morales, Marlayna Augusto

US Foreign Policy Since 1898- Group Project

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