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Community-Based Monitoring System:

An Overview

Rain-induced Landslide Map with Location of Households covered by the CBMS Census, 2014-2016

CBMS Household Map and Project NOAH’s Flood Map of Marinduque

Flood Map of Marinduque from Project NOAH

CBMS Household Map and Phivolcs Tsunami Hazard Map in Bohol

BACKGROUND

RATIONALE FOR CBMS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Households living in makeshift housing in Tubigon, Bohol

  • Local government code was passed in 1991 in the Philippines. This law devolves many functions to the local governments. This increased the demand for more disaggregated data to support local level planning and budgeting.

  • There has been a focus on targeted interventions due to limited funds. This required information at the household level to identify eligible beneficiaries.

CBMS Panel Data

Location of households with malnourished children 0-5 years old (MUAC), selected LGUs, Leyte, 2014

  • The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) is an organized process of data collection and processing at the local level and of integration of data in local planning, program implementation and impact-monitoring.

  • It is a system that promotes evidence-based policymaking and program implementation while empowering communities to participate in the process.

  • CBMS is a tool designed to provide policymakers with a good information base for tracking the impacts of various economic reforms and policy shocks on the vulnerable groups in the society

  • The CBMS was developed in 1993 and pilot tested in 1995 as part of the research outputs under the Micro Impacts of Macroeconomic Adjustment Policies (MIMAP) Project implemented in the Philippines. Since 2000, the development of CBMS instruments and training modules for data collection, data processing and database management, and use of CBMS data for various thematic concerns is being spearheaded at the local and international level by the CBMS Network Team (Office) based at the DLSU-AKI, Manila.

THE WHO, THE WHERE AND THE WHY OF POVERTY: Some Issues and Concerns

  • Official statistics are reliable down to the regional and provincial levels only (i.e. the sampling design of many of these surveys provide estimates of the variables only at the provincial level.)

  • The collection of data is few and far in between, and processing adds a few more years so that its usefulness for policy and program design diminishes.

  • Data comes from different surveys and censuses so that it is not possible to come up with a comprehensive picture of the different dimensions of poverty for a particular household at a given point in time.

  • And yet, local government units, in decentralized structure of government, are the front-liners in the fight against poverty and are mandated to assume the primary responsibility for the provision of basic services and facilities and the improvement of the quality of life of their constituents.

CBMS AND THE MDGs

CBMS-SDG Indicators: Panabo City

SOURCES OF DATA IN THE PHILIPPINES

USING CBMS FOR MDGS/SDGS

Location of Households by Poverty Status and Access to Philhealth, Brgy. Poblacion 5, Balangiga, Eastern Samar, 2005

Lack of Adaptive Capacity Index per Municipality, Province of Marinduque, 2011

Sensitivity per Barangay, Province of Marinduque, 2011Sensitivity per Barangay, Province of Marinduque, 2011

SOURCES OF DATA IN THE PHILIPPINES

Sensitivity per Barangay, Province of Marinduque, 2011

Sensitivity per Municipality, Province of Marinduque, 2011

CBMS data from selected provinces has facilitated the preparation of the sub-national MDG reports in the country

Proportion of households who are poor without access to Philhealth, by Barangay, Municipality of Balangiga, Eastern Samar, 2005

Exposure per Barangay, Province of Marinduque, 2011

Exposure per Municipality, Province of Marinduque, 2011

MONITORING THE SDGs USING CBMS

STORM SURGE (ADVISORY 4) WITH LOCATION OF HOUSEHOLDS COVERED BY THE CBMS CENSUS, TUBIGON, BOHOL, 2014-2015

Resource constraints and distributive objectives increase the demand for local data that can support targeting schemes

Climate Change Vulnerability Index by Municipality, Province of Marinduque, 2011

MONITORING THE SDGs USING CBMS

Proportion of households who are poor without access to Philhealth, by Municipality, Province of Eastern Samar, 2005-2006

CBMS RESPONDS TO:

USES OF CBMS

MONITORING THE SDGs USING CBMS

CBMS AND THE SDGs

39 indicators can be generated using the CBMS data

USES OF CBMS FOR IMPACT MONITORING

  • CBMS data can be used to monitor impacts on key development (poverty) outcomes of:
  • Projects and Programs
  • Government (National/Local Government) Programs
  • Donor Assisted Programs i.e. UNICEF Unconditional Cash Transfers (UCT) Program to Typhoon Haiyan affected communities in Eastern Samar and Leyte

  • Policy Shocks/Crisis
  • Example: Rise in Prices of Food and Fuel Prices, Global Financial Crisis

  • CBMS facilitates generation of panel data that can show improvements in development (poverty) conditions of communities as well as of sub-groups of population over time
  • Lack of necessary disaggregated data for:
  • Diagnosing extent of poverty at the local level
  • Determining the causes of poverty
  • Formulating appropriate policies and program
  • Identifying eligible beneficiaries
  • Assessing impact of policies and programs

  • Need for support mechanisms for the implementation of the decentralization policy
  • CBMS facilitates greater transparency and accountability in local governance
  • CBMS data can be used by LGUs for the preparation of the following:
  • Barangay/City/Municipal/Provincial Socioeconomic Profiles
  • Comprehensive Development Plans
  • Annual Investment Plans
  • CBMS enhances the preparation of these plans by generating data on the development status of households/individuals/sub-population groups across barangays/cities/municipalities at a given point in time

Use of CBMS for IMPACT MONITORING

Tabaco City, Albay

USES OF CBMS

Use of CBMS for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)

  • CBMS can generate the necessary disaggregated data for DRRM planning and program implementation:
  • Disaster prevention and mitigation
  • Disaster preparedness
  • Response and early recovery
  • Recovery and rehabilitation

  • CBMS data can identify households and individuals who are at risk to disasters and also provide inputs to manage evacuation-related activities.
  • For preparation of local development profiles and plans
  • For design and targeting of programs and interventions
  • For impact monitoring
  • For implementing various thematic concerns
  • Multidimensional Poverty Analysis
  • Bottom up Planning and Budgeting
  • Gender and Development
  • Migration and Development
  • Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
  • Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment
  • Localizing the MDGs (now the SDGs)
  • Monitoring Child Labor
  • For enriching existing databases

TARGETING OF INTERVENTIONS

  • CBMS can identify who and where the poor are and what are their needs

  • CBMS directs assistance to those who need it most

For questions and additional information, kindly contact:

Community-based Monitoring System (CBMS) Network Office

DLSU Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies

10th Floor Angelo King International Center

Estrada corner Arellano Avenue, Malate, Manila, Philippines 1004

Tel. No.: (632) 5262067 or 2305100 loc. 2461

Fax Number: (632) 5262067

Email: cbms.network@gmail.com

Facebook Page: facebook.com/CBMSNetwork

Facebook Interactive Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/CBMSNetwork/

CBMS APP: POVERTY MAPPING USING QGIS

Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school, by purok and location of households, Barangay Dampulan, Municipality of Torrijos, Province of Marinduque, 2005

Adoption of QGIS, a user-friendly open source GIS software which runs on Linux, Unix, Mac OSX and Windows.

KEY FEATURES OF CBMS

CBMS, MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX (MPI) and SDGs

  • The MPI aims to capture acute poverty. It combines the incidence of poverty, or the proportion of the people (within a given population) who experience multiple deprivations, and the intensity of their deprivation – the average (weighted) proportion of deprivations that they experience.

  • CBMS can provide the necessary data for computing for multidimensional poverty index (MPI) and to generate the desired data disaggregation.

  • More importantly, CBMS can point out specific areas of deprivation that needs priority action to meet the SDGs.

Access to safely managed drinking water services by barangay, Panabo City, 2009 and 2016

CBMS APP: INFOGRAPHICS

Source of Basic Data: CBMS CENSUS, Panabo City 2009 2016

The CBMS Infographics are visual images used to show the core indicators derived from the CBMS data. These includes health, housing, water and sanitation, school and employment, and income indicators.

CBMS CORE INDICATORS OF POVERTY

CBMS data on Multidimensional Poverty

Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school, by purok and location of households, Municipality of Torrijos, Province of Marinduque, 2005

Individual and household can be categorized if he/she and it is:

  • Income poor
  • Job poor
  • Education poor
  • Tenure poor
  • Housing poor
  • Water poor
  • Sanitation poor
  • Health poor
  • Nutrition poor
  • Security poor
  • Involves a census of all households in a community

  • Local government unit (LGU)-based while promoting community participation

  • Taps existing LGU-personnel/community members as monitors

  • Generates a core set of indicators that are being measured to determine the welfare status of the population. These indicators capture the multidimensional aspects of poverty

  • Uses freeware customized for CBMS-data collection, processing and poverty mapping

  • Establishes database at each geopolitical level

Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school, by barangay, Municipality of Torrijos, Province of Marinduque, 2005

CBMS APP: DATA PROCESSING USING CBMS StatSim Pro

Aside from automatically-generated tables, lists through simple querying is produced using the

CBMS STATSIM PRO

List of malnourished chilldren in an LGU with age and sex

CBMS INSTRUMENTS: DATA COLLECTION

  • Household Profile Questionnaire
  • 12 page-form

  • Barangay Profile Questionnaire
  • 7 page-form

CBMS APP: DATA PROCESSING USING CBMS StatSim Pro

Proportion of Households with Access to Electricity

Province of Palawan, 2000 - 2014

CBMS STATSIM PRO

Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school, by barangay, Province of Marinduque, 2005

The was built to output automatically-generated reports for the 13+1 core indicators and basic tabulation, listing and querying of the CBMS database

Proportion of households who experienced food shortage by barangay

Municipality of Sulat, Eastern Samar, 2005

CBMS ACCELERATED POVERTY PROFILING (CBMS APP)

  • Data collection with encoding and GPS reading: CBMS Scan and Portal
  • Data Processing: CBMS StatSimPro
  • Poverty Mapping: Quantum GIS (QGIS)

As of November 2018, CBMS PORTAL has

  • Data for 15 countries
  • Data for more than 9.5M households
  • 41,458 registered devices
  • 38,731 registered users
  • 714 local government units

These 3 software are provided to LGU partners implementing CBMS for FREE

Substantial progress has been achieved in access to electricity from 29.61% in 2000 to 59.08% in 2014, an increase in household access by 29.47%

Proportion of households who experienced food shortage by sub-village and household location, Brgy. Sto. Tomas, Sulat, Eastern Samar, 2005

Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school, by municipality, Province of Marinduque, 2005

Source: Provincial Government of Palawan, CBMS Presentation, 11th CBMS Philippines National Conference, February 2-4, 2015

Proportion of Households in Makeshift Housing Province of Palawan, 2000 - 2014

Source: Provincial Government of Palawan, CBMS Presentation, 11th CBMS Philippines National Conference, February 2-4, 2015

Proportion of households who experienced food shortage by municipality

Province of Eastern Samar, 2005-2006

CBMS APP: MANAGING THE DATA IN THE CBMS PORTAL

Data is transmitted, managed and accessed through the

CBMS PORTAL

DATA COLLECTED THROUGH THE CBMS-HPQ

  • Household/member characteristics
  • Education
  • Political participation
  • Health and nutrition
  • Income, employment and livelihood
  • Housing and tenure, water sources and sanitation
  • Migration
  • Impacts of climate change
  • Access to programs

CBMS ACCELERATED POVERTY PROFILING (CBMS APP)

  • Developed by the CBMS Network Team, the CBMS APP is an organized, systematic and efficient process of use of latest information and communication technology tools e.g. tablets, and the standard CBMS instruments for data collection (CBMS SCAN), processing (CBMS STATSIM), poverty mapping (QGIS) and data management tools.

  • Data is transmitted, managed and accessed through the CBMS Portal.

CBMS APP: DATA COLLECTION USING CBMS SCAN

DATA COLLECTED THROUGH THE CBMS-BPQ

CBMS-SCAN

uses Android mobile devices in collecting household census data

  • Physical and demographic characteristics of the village (barangay)
  • Demographic reference
  • Service institutions and infrastructure
  • Disaster risk reduction and preparedness
  • Peace and order
  • Programs, projects and activities
  • Budget, revenue and expenditure

Prepared by the CBMS Network Team

as of February 2019

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