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Great Depression - 1970's

The Reagan Era

Present Day

The Future

Some of Today's Anti-Union Corporations:

Employees vs Waltons

Walton Family Income:

$1.5 Million/Hour

2007-2014:

$148.8 Billion in profit

Most Employees:

  • Are on Food Stamp Programs
  • Make Minimum Wage ($7.25/Hour)
  • Annual Wage(Before Taxes): $15,080
  • Target

  • Kraft Foods

  • Nestle

  • Starbucks

Present Day - Walmart

  • No American Walmart is Union

  • Walmart in Canada Unionized=Closed

  • Managers are to report "suspicious" activity

  • Managers trained against Unions

How can we support Unions?

How Unions can help:

Unions - Present Day

  • Buy Union Products

  • Donate

  • Join a Union

  • Buy lunch for some strikers

Statistics:

  • 2009 - 12% American Workers are Union

  • Falling rates=income inequalities

  • Union Membership Rates=Middle Class Income

Labor Unions Timeline

  • Stop the return of the monopoly

  • Increase Income without Inflation

Unions - Present Day

Union actions are everywhere:

  • Serve in communities
  • Fight Legal Battles
  • Maintain Workers' Rights

What other countries can Unionize?

Similar to US Prior to Unionizing

Progressive Era (1880-1930)

Labor Union

"an organization of workers formed to protect the rights and interests of its members"

Unions are illegal in many countries

Ex: China

No human rights+low wages=cheap manufacturing

Source: Merriam Webster Dictionary

AFL aided workers regardless of:

  • Skill
  • Race
  • Religion
  • Nationality
  • Gender

Pre-Progressive Era

Knights of Labor

  • Ignited Labor Union Growth in US

  • Peaked in mid 1880's

  • Organize workers

  • 8 hour work days

  • Ended by Labor Riots

Pre-Progressive Era

Early Unions begin to form:

"National Labor Union" in 1830's

"Knights of Labor" in 1866

"American Federation of Labor"

  • Industrial Capitalist tried to create two classes:

1. Rich, Upper Class, 1% of population

2. Poor, Lower Class, remainder of population

Falling Union rates causes:

  • Shrinking Middle Class

  • 1% Upper Class gets richer

Effects (Good?)

Reagan struts a "Tough" image to:

  • Federal Workers

  • Soviet Union Leaders

  • US Companies

The Real Effects

Unions became distorted and partly diminished

Reagan became a "Trend Setter"

Companies began firing and replacing strikers

  • Dodge
  • International Paper

End of 80's:

<17% of Americans were union

Progressive Era

Reagan Era-Causes

  • "Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization" aka: "Patco" went on strike

  • Aug. 2, 1981- Reagan threatens 13,000 strikers

Progressive Era

Pre-Progressive Era (1700's-1880's)

By end of Progressive Era:

  • Change

  • 10% of Americans were Union

  • Better Working Conditions

  • End Child Labor
  • 1768 - Earliest known strike in the US

  • Early craft unions published "prices"

  • 1827 - Formation of Philadelphia "Mechanics Union of Trade Association"

  • Industrial workers had no part in this

Progressive Era

The Reagan Era (1980's)

Outline

Reagan - First Anti-Union President

1975-1985: Union membership fell by 5 Million

Manufacturing - Union Portion fell to 25%

Unions were nearly eliminated such as:

  • Mining Unions
  • Construction Unions

I. History

a. Pre-Progressive Era

b. Progressive Era

c. The Great Depression-1970's

d. The "Reagan Era"

II. Present Day

III. Union Outlooks

  • 1895 - All-Inclusive formal policy was canceled

  • Machinist Union refused Interracial Organization

  • Racism spread to other Unions

  • By 1902, only 3% were Black

  • Women formed their own Unions & Groups:

"National Women's Trade Union League"

"National Consumers League"

The End

Early Union Resistance

Works Cited

Recall the Homestead Mill?

Pinkerton Detective Agency in 1850

aka: Pinkerton Boys

  • Men were hired to oppose unions

  • Beat strikers within lawful boundaries

  • Participated in over 70 labor disputes

  • Altogether opposed 125,000 strikers

The Great Depression

Unions During WWII

Brazile, Donna. “What Have Unions Done for Us?” Cable News Network. September 12, 2004. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2012/09/04/opinion/brazile-unions/

Covert, Bryce. “Walmart Penalized For Closing Store Just After it Unionized.” Think Progress. June 30, 2014. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://thinkprogress.org/economy/2014/06/30/3454511/walmart-canada-union/

“Labor Movement.” History.com. 2009. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://www.history.com/topics/labor

“Labor Unions During the Great Depression and New Deal.” Library of Congress. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/depwwii/unions/

“Strike at the Homestead Mill: The Hated Men in Blue.” Public Broadcasting Service. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/carnegie/sfeature/mh_blue.html

“The Strike That Busted the Unions.” The New York Times, August 2, 2011. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/03/opinion/reagan-vs-patco-the-strike-that-busted-unions.html?_r=0.

“The Walton Family: America’s New Robber Barons.” The Walmart 1%. March 5, 2014. Accessed March 9, 2015. http://walmart1percent.org/how-rich-are-the-waltons/

William E. Showmaker (IBEW Union Stewart), interview by Jacob Showmaker, March 2, 2015.

“Working Women: The Women Trade Union League.” The Nation Women’s History Museum. Accessed March 9, 2015. https://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/progressiveera/workingwomen.html

Post WWII

Unions in the Civil Rights Era (1950's-70's)

Introduction of Foreign Goods

  • Union growth steadily increased

(as did the middle class)

  • By end of WWII=12 million union workers
  • Collective Bargaining became popular

  • 1945-70 Wages tripled in manufacturing industry

  • Organized labor still sectional

  • Covered one-third of American earnings

AFL-CIO plays role in Civil Rights

  • Monetary Support

  • Rights in the Workplace

  • Huge growth in Unions

Union Workers job securities:

  • old age
  • illness
  • unemployment
  • fair treatment in workplace
  • Transportation barriers are broken

  • Development of foreign trade agreements

  • New nonunion competition

*Walmart is founded in 1962

The Great Depression brought discontent...

Unhappy Industrial workers + "New Deal" Collective Bargaining* Legislation =

  • More Strikes
  • More Unions
  • Democratic Partisanship

Partly due to Franklin D. Roosevelt - Strong Supporter

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

Chinese Sweatshop

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