REPEAL
The Act was repealed in August 1949 and former "criminal tribes" were denotified in 1952
WHAT?
Helpful definition
DENOTIFIED
TRIBES
the tribes that were originally listed under the Criminal Tribes Act, revoking their criminal label
Criminal Tribes Act refers to various pieces of legislation enforced in India during British rule
GENERATIONS
THE
CRIMINAL TRIBES
ACT
1871
Newer generations were immediately guilty by association, and assumed to be part of a legacy of criminal activity
BACKGROUND
October 12, 1871, the Governor-General of India instituted a policy, requiring men of suspected criminal groups to be kept under police surveillance, and report to police once per week.
LOCATION CONTINUED
It was first enforced in the northern part of India, and later was extended to Bengal in 1876.
Under the act, ethnic communities in India which were defined as 'potential criminals' were registered by the government. They were described as 'habitually criminal', and restrictions on their movements were imposed
By 1911, the Act covered the entire nation
LOCATION
TODAY'S SOCIETY
Members under the act were restricted to communities in specific areas, and the Act provided for their arrest without warrant
Helpful definition
CASTE
Today, this is considered an extreme case of racial profiling, but at the time it was considered a necessary reform in order to help keep the majority of people away from potential criminals
Unable to move freely across northern India, as they had for generations, people were easier to monitor
Each of the hereditary classes of a Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual, pollution and of social status.
THE
CRIMINAL TRIBES
ACT