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British India Colonization

Other British Poetry

Other Indian Poetry

  • James Atkinson
  • Saga of the Three-Legged Pig
  • Sir John William Kaye
  • Poems and Fragments
  • Henry Meredith Parker
  • The Draught of Immortality
  • Sarojini Naidu
  • Golden Threshold (Poems)
  • The Bird of Time (Poems)
  • Manmohan Ghose
  • Primavera
  • Toru Dutt
  • Love Came to Flora Asking for a Flower
  • Our Casuarina Tree

Savarn Dontamsetti

Timeline Cont.

  • 1935-37 - Britain tries to slowly shift power over to India starting with Gov. of India act and India federal elections
  • 1942-1950 - British Power leaves and India declares independence (India and Pakistan 60 years of Independence)

Local British-India soldiers

  • 1800s- The Trade Company continues to expand
  • 1857 - the Indians revolt due to huge monopoly and lack of respect by the British
  • 1858 - British Parliament passes India Act, which allows power from the company to be completely transferred to the crown.
  • 1885 - India National Congress founded to do some semi-governing while british govern (India and Pakistan 60 years of Independence)

India-British Lands map

Timeline

  • End of 17th century, India is large on trade due to cotton industry which was being imported into Britain in large quantities since it was very cheap
  • From 1700-50, East India company started trading presence on the coast (forts, trading places, etc.)
  • 1750, Company starts to wage war on eastern and southeastern India
  • They start to win their battles and expanded their power over to north and south India
  • Starting in 1750s, The company interfered with India's politics and the Mughal empire completely disintegrated leaving regional states with regional rulers (Marshall)

Poem Anlaysis

Purity - Rabindranath Tagore

Life of my life, I shall ever try to keep my body pure, knowing

that thy living touch is upon all my limbs.

I shall ever try to keep all untruths out from my thoughts, knowing

that thou art that truth which has kindled the light of reason in my mind.

I shall ever try to drive all evils away from my heart and keep my

love in flower, knowing that thou hast thy seat in the inmost shrine of my heart.

And it shall be my endeavour to reveal thee in my actions, knowing it

is thy power gives me strength to act (Purity by Rabindranath Tagore).

Indian and British Attitude

Works Cited

  • Indian attitude: The indian attitude at the time was basically against the british. They started to dislike the British for their monopoly on all goods. Therefore, the Indian's were very spiritual, hoping for salvation. They also were hopeful and tried to stay strong. This can be seen in many pieces of indian poetry as in the poem, Purity.
  • British attitude: The British writers were very pro imperialism. They loved what the country of great britain was doing when it was conquering all the lands. They believed that Britain was assuming the same height of the Roman Empire and it was doing the same amount of good. The purpose was to relieve famine, solve world problems, and bring order everywhere.

Poem Analysis

Analysis: Tagore takes on a very spiritual tone. He does this by referencing purity in terms of evil and by using very abstract nouns. Tagore defines these abstract things, whereas normally they are hard to describe. In the poem, he basically is trying to define purity in terms of evil by saying anything away from evil is pure. This poem is essentially a definition essay since it describes purity through the use of personal actions to become more pure. The tone is also very serious since he uses formal diction. In his formal diction, he uses many words starting with th- to indicate formality. In addition, he uses non-colloquial speech.

Overview

Poets: Rudyard Kipling

Fort St. George, One of the oldest forts of the East India Company

Colonial and Post-Colonial Art

He was born in Bombay in 1865. At age 5 he was sent back to England to stay with a foster family. Early on in his life, he began to get better and better at literature and even attended a college at age 12. The headmaster, helped him in literature. In 1882, he returned to Lahore and he helped with writing the Civil and Military Gazette and the Pioneer. He also wrote many poems and stories. In 1889, he wrote Barrack-Room Ballads which were a whole series of short stories. He then lived in US for a little while but later returned back to England. For the rest of his life he continued to write more stories despite his suffering from loss of family members (Rudyard Kipling).

  • British India Colonization started when British East India Company started Trading with India
  • They used this as an excuse to raise an army and build forts
  • The British took advantage of the inner quarrels between local Kings by helping turn against each other
  • The resulting kings were set up as puppet rulers for the East India Company
  • The British then monopolized the economy
  • The British East India Company were to be the only ones that people could trade with (British Colonizing India)

Poem Analysis Cont.

Poets: Rabindranath Tagore

Pre-Colonial Artwork

To add on to his formal diction, he uses free verse with no rhyme. The main purpose of the poem is to express the idea that you should think about others when thinking about your purity. Others matter much in your heart so therefore, when considering whether to risk your purity, think about all that others have done for you to help in your life. The poem is very short, it has only four stanzas, with two lines each. The first three stanzas show the actions that Tagore is willing to take in order to keep his mind pure for others. All three of the first three stanzas contain a repetition of "I shall ever try to…".

He was educated at home informally, however at age 17, he was sent to England for more formal schooling. He also managed family estates which brought him in touch with humanity and allowed him to get interested in social reforms. In 1901, he took editorial charge of Bangadarshan which was a newspaper in Northern India. He also established Bolpur Bramhacharya ashram at Shantiniketan, a school in the pattern of old Indian Ashrama. He participated in the indian national reform in a non- protesting way. For example, he was knighted by the crown in 1915 (Biography). However, in order to support India and as a mode of protesting against the british ruling, he took away this honor. He left to Japan and even US to give lectures. He had many tours in the US and south India and Europe. He even got a Nobel Prize for Literature. In 1921, he established Viswabharati university. He lectured in a way to promote indian protests and lessen British control (Calcuttaweb - Rabindranath Tagore.). He also wanted to increase education and make education better. Tagore was a poet who wrote in both Bengali and English. His poems were very spiritual. (Biography)

"Biography." Nobel Lectures. Ed. Horst Frenz. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1969. N. pag.

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2013.

"Calcuttaweb - Rabindranath Tagore." Calcuttaweb.com. Calcuttaweb, 2001. Web.

27 May 2013.

Classical Indian Painting of two dancers. Digital image. College of Liberal Arts and

Social Sciences. Cleveland State University, n.d. Web. 28 May 2013.

Fort St. George. Digital image. Chennai.com. Chennai.com, n.d. Web. 27 May

2013.

"India and Pakistan 60 Years of Independence." PBS. PBS, 14 Aug. 2007. Web. 27

May 2013.

Indian Maharaja in Colonial Period. Digital image. The Magazine Antiques. The

Magazine Antiques, 27 Jan. 2010. Web. 28 May 2013.

Indian Woman Playing Instrument to Animals. Digital image. Paris India

Connections. Paris India Connections, 17 Jan. 2013. Web. 28 May 2013.

Krishna and his Wife. Digital image. Exotic India. Unlimitedfx.com, Apr. 2000.

Web. 28 May 2013.

Legacy of Partition 1947-2009 Exhibition. Digital image. Leicestershire County

Council. Leicestershire County Council, 17 Mar. 2009. Web. 27 May 2013.

Marshall, Peter. "The British Presence in India in the 18th Century." BBC News.

BBC, 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 27 May 2013.

Native Soldiers. Digital image. About.com 19th Century History. Getty Images,

n.d. Web. 27 May 2013.

Nishtala, Venkat. "The Meaning of Our National Song--Vande Mataram." Web

log post. My View. Blogger, 4 Sept. 2007. Web. 27 May 2013.

"Purity by Rabindranath Tagore." AllPoetry. AllPoetry, n.d. Web. 27 May 2013.

"Rudyard Kipling." Kipling.org.uk. Kipling.org.uk, n.d. Web. 27 May 2013.

Vadakkus. "The Indian Railways Story 03 – How Trains Ran in British India."

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Impacts of British Colonization

  • British railroads, law courts, civil services, factories, universities, transport systems (British Colonizing India)
  • Factories started, which also turned into industrious towns (Marshall)
  • British Law was introduced (India and Pakistan 60 years of Independence)

Poem Analysis Cont.

Song Meaning

The last stanza wraps up the whole poem with a summarizing action and it reveals the purpose of his actions in his quest for purity. In the last stanza, he says that he wants to show off qualities of these people in his actions since their power gives him strength.

The qualities of this poem are very spiritual which ties in with the British colonization. Despite the fact that the British are slowly taking over India, Tagore is hopeful in saying that you shouldn't let evil take over you because others depend on you and you depend on others. This poem is very hopeful and tries to instill hope in others who have already been manipulated by the British or have given up their struggle towards the good side of humanity.

The song's name is Vande Mataram. It literally means "Mother, I bow to thee" Bankin Chandra first composed this song during the time of India's colonization. The song pays respect to the land of India. Chandra personified the land of India as a Mother to all Indians since it sprouts life. The song describes all the great qualities of India (Nishtala).

British-Indian Railway

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