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History of population distribution

Drivers

for

population

growth?

Elevation

Precipitation

Groundwater depth

Runoff

Distance to sea

Temperature

Distance to water

source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2000_Year_Temperature_Comparison.png

Kummu et al 2011

World population

1862

1908

1960s

1890s

1798

1910s: artificial fertilizer by Carl Bosch and Fritz Haber

1862: Louis Pasteur's experiment to preserve food

Landmarks in science, linked to population

1860s: link with hygiene and child mortality

1960s: green revolution

1890s: wastewater treatment

1798: first vaccination for smallbox

Future population dynamics

Today we are more than 20 times that...

Water

People

Earth

Population

dynamics

Each of these persons represent

a 100 million people,

thousand years ago...

Planetary boundaries

Steffen et al 2015

Rockström et al 2009

Data from HYDE database

Case: population dynamics in Africa vs Asia

Opportunities --> group work

% of global population:

AFRICA

ASIA

COMBINED

1900: 8%

1960: 9%

2015: 15%

2050: 21...23%

2100: 28...31%

1900: 61%

1960: 60%

2015: 68%

2050: 69...72%

2100: 67...75%

1900: 54%

1960: 51%

2015: 53%

2050: 48...49%

2100: 39...44%

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