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FACTUAL CLAIMS Vs COMMONPLACE ASSERTIONS AND OPINIONS

Factual claim – a statement that claims truth and contains no value language

Assertion – an opinion or declaration stated with conviction

√Opinion – a personal view or belief based on emotions or interpretation of facts

Commonplace assertions

Everyone knows that Texans are crazy about football.

Don’t go out in the cold rain, you’ll get sick.

Circle The facts

Students have a lot harder time in school than the teachers.

Oranges contain both calcium and vitamin C.

It is wrong for people under the age of 21 to drink alcohol.

Cell phones emit radiation that may or may not cause brain cancer.

Popular music today is not as good as it was in the past.

The fastest land dwelling creature is the Cheetah.

Drug dealers belong in prison.

Let's circle the opinions!

The price of gas has grown to become too expensive.

The more money someone has the more successful they are.

Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time.

Chicken has more protein than carrots.

George Washington was the first President of the United States

There seems to be too much standardized testing in public schools

Diamonds are the hardest substance on Earth

Vegetarians are healthier than people who eat meat

Opinion: I feel that as a result of 9/11, we are now safer.

Evidence to substantiate the opinion:

A Department of Homeland Security has been created, and airline passengers are more carefully screened before boarding flights.

How do writers substantiate their opinions?

They cite VERIFIABLE FACTS (lower crime and unemployment rates), EXAMPLES (the creation of the Dept. of Homeland security), STATISTICS (30% of Americans are not exercising regularly) and EXPERT OPINIONS (the recommendation of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention) and

ANECDOTES (short story-personal or observation).

What type of substantiation is used to

support this opinion?

Opinion:

Austin is the best place to live in Texas.

Evidence to substantiate the opinion:

It has a lower crime rate and lower unemployment rate than any other major city in the state.

Opinion: Americans need to get more exercise.

Evidence to substantiate opinion: Thirty percent of American adults do not exercise regularly despite proven health benefits such as weight loss and prevention of diabetes and other diseases. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily to improve health.

How do writers substantiate their opinions?

They cite

VERIFIABLE FACTS - Newspapers, credible websites, encyclopedias, etc.

EXAMPLES- Actual organizations or groups

STATISTICS- facts, numbers, percentages

EXPERT OPINIONS-Doctors, lawyers, professors, teachers, scientists,

ANECDOTES- really short stories or observations

Do facts have to be true??

Fact:

something said to be true or supposed to have happened:

The facts given by the witness are highly questionable.

A fact can be proven true or false!

Opinions:

Are they substantiated or NOT?

Which of the following statements is a fact that may be verified as accurate? Which is an opinion?

The television show The Simpsons is just not as funny as it used to be.

The first step to becoming a good twenty-first century reader is to acquire the ability to distinguish between fact and opinion. Then, you can examine the difference between opinions that are substantiated and those that are not.

Vegetarians are healthier than people who eat meat.

Fact vs Opinion: Substantiated or Unsubstantiated

Which of the following statements may be debated or argued (an opinion)?

In this lesson, you will learn to differentiate fact from opinion and decide whether an opinion is substantiated or not

Differentiate = to perceive the difference in or between.

Substantiate:

provide evidence to support or prove the truth of.

Substance - Synonyms

Solidity

Shape

Weight

Mass

Structure

Validity

A. Wednesday is the fourth day of the week.

B. Wednesday feels like the longest day of the week.

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