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  • Born in Varna ,Bulgaria 1898
  • Oldest of three children.
  • Went to Sweden (his fathers home) for schooling.
  • Zwicky received an Doctorate in physics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 1922
  • 1925 went to California Institute of Technology.
  • Zwicky was looking at a coma galaxy when he used a viral theorem to infer there was unseen matter which he named dark matter. Some signs of dark matter.
  • He calculated the gravitational mass of the galaxies within the cluster and obtained a value at least 400 times greater than expected from their luminosity, which means that most of the matter must be dark.

Thank you for your attention!

  • Even though Zwicky stayed in America until he died he never became a citizen and held Swiss citizenship.
  • And also an accomplished alpine climber.

Life

CalTech

  • At first he went to the school to study the physics of crystals.
  • He had got caught up with the astronomical research at CalTech.
  • Zwicky came up the theory that cosmic rays are produced in catastrophic explosions of massive stars, called supernovas.

Fritz Zwicky

Uncredited

Even though Zwicky made many important contributions in theoretical and observational astronomy he is not given enough credit for the supernovas, neutron star, or dark matter.

Supernova & Neutron Stars

  • Zwicky got with the German-American astronomer Walter Baade to work on the idea of the supernova.
  • They used the observations of Tycho Brahe's "New Star" which were stars seen with the naked eye for a few months.
  • At a scientific conference in 1933, they let out three new ideas: (1) massive stars end their lives in stupendous explosions which blow them apart, (2) such explosions produce cosmic rays, and (3) they leave behind a collapsed star made of densely-packed neutrons.
  • Zwicky explained violent collapse and explosion of a massive star would leave a dense ball of neutrons, formed by the crushing together of protons and electrons. Such an object, which he called a “neutron star,” would be only several kilometers across but as dense as an atomic nucleus.

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Dark Matter

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