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  • Neutralization theory
  • Social Control theory
  • Social Bond theory

DENIAL THEORIES

By Mr. Wallace

Social Control Theory...

Neutralization Theory...

Denial theories

Social Bond Theory

  • It maintain that all people have the potential to violate the law and that modern society presents many opportunities for illegal activity. Example, activities such as drug abuse and car theft, are often exciting pastimes that holds the promise of immediate reward and gratification.
  • Most people only obey the rules of the society because the fear of punishment. Whiles others also believe that obedience is acquired through contact with law-abiding parents and peers. Businessman will say obedience is a function of having access to legitimate opportunities.
  • It is the process of becoming a delinquent is a learning experience in which potential delinquents and criminals master techniques that enable them to counterbalance or neutralize conventional values and drift back and forth between illegitimate and conventional behavior.
  • Examples:
  • Viewing pornographic films
  • Drinking alcohol to excess
  • Gambling on sporting events.
  • Such behavior can be conceived as falling along a continuum between total freedom and total restraint, this process also known as drift.

Strength and Weakness

  • Young offenders sometimes claim their unlawful acts were simply not their fault. Example , Delinquents' acts resulted from forces beyond their control or were accidents.
  • Delinquents sometimes neutralize wrongdoing by maintaining that the victim of crime "had it coming". Example, Vandalism may be directed against a disliked neighbor or professor , or "homosexuals may be beaten up by a gang because their behavior is considered offensive".(pg158)
  • By denying the wrongfulness of an act, delinquents are able to neutralize illegal behavior. Example, stealing is viewed as borrowing; vandalism is considered mischief that has gotten out of hand.

Question #14...

  • Social bond theory insightful work by Hirschi links the onset of delinquency to the weakening of the ties that bind people to society.
  • Examples:
  • Attachment: It refers to a person's sensitivity to and interest in others . Such as youths who were strongly attached to their parents were less likely to commit criminal acts.
  • Commitment: It involves the time, energy, and effort expended in conventional lines of action, such as getting an education and saving money for the future.

  • Strength: Delinquency will be reduced if all youth are strongly attached to their parents.
  • Weakness: Delinquents and non-delinquents shared similar belief about the society.

Construct your own theory building on the research of three theories that focus on Neutralization theory. Explain the principle the way that offenders master techniques that enable them to neutralize conventional values. Identify and discuss these techniques of neutralization. Select an example of offenders or an issue that confronts juveniles and leads to delinquency and apply your theory.

Heavy Involvement in conventional activities

Less delinquencies in the society

School, recreation and attach to family

Less criminal activities and violations

by Prof Davis

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