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Bibliography

3rd Expodition

  • In the winter of
  • www3.sympatico.ca
  • www.history.com/
  • www.exploration.marinersmuseum.org
  • www.landofthebrave.info

Meeting Chief Donnacona

1st Expedition/Cont.

2nd Expedition

  • Continuing on to the Strait of Belle Isle near Newfoundland, Cartier discovered and charted the Gulf of St. Lawrence for the first time which he thought was just another large bay. However, dense fog forced him to turn back.
  • On July 7, as Cartier was sailing past Baie de Chaleur, he encountered a fleet of 50 canoes filled with Micmac Natives. The Natives seemed excited to see them and their celebrations aboard the canoes helped to assure Cartier that they wished only to be friendly with the new-comers. With some reservation and hesitation, Cartier met with the leader of the group. Small items were exchanged in friendship which would be historically recorded as the first trading action between Europeans and the Natives of the New World. However, when the other canoes began to approach the ship with unknown intent, Cartier had 2 cannon shots fired to scare them away.
  • On September 5, Cartier arrived in France and presented Dom Agaya and Taignoagny (sons of Donnacona) and the gifts from Chief Donnacona to the King. Cartier was quickly granted a new commission to return to the New World the following year. The two sons learned a moderate amount of french to speak almost fluently.
  • Dom Agaya and Taignoagny told Jacques abot another Iroquoian village named Hochelaga ( Modern-day Montreal) so Cartier found a route to the village.
  • After having been blocked by dense fog in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Cartier was forced to turn back toward Cape Breton Island. As they passed the Baie de Gaspe, a group of Natives was sighted on shore and, by their signs, Cartier felt there was little danger.
  • After rowing ashore, Cartier met Chief Donnacona of the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, a friendlier tribe of Iroquois. Gifts were exchanged and a friendly alliance was set up. It was quite obvious to Cartier that the Natives had had some previous dealings with Europeans. They were interested in trading and wanted knives and hatchets. However, the only thing they had to trade back was animal furs which, although accepted.
  • Later in this friendly visit, Cartier planted a wooden cross and engraved was '' Long live the king of France''. Donnacona became upset and approached Cartier's ship in a canoe. Cartier ended up taking both of Donnacona's sons back to france.

1st Expedition

  • Cartier was believed to have traveled to Brazil and Newfoundland before 1534. That year, the government of King Francis I commissioned Cartier to lead an expedition to the “northern lands,” as the east coast of North America was then known. The purpose of the voyage was to find a northern passage to Asia, as well as to collect riches such as gold and spices along the way
  • Fun Fact: Cartier is credited for giving Canada it's name
  • Cartier set out with 2 ships and 66 men
  • On May 10, Cartier arrived in Newfoundland. "I am rather inclined to believe that this is the land God gave to Cain.''
  • Cartier continued southwest and discovered the fertile land of Prince Edward Island which, he believed, was part of the mainland. On Îles aux Oiseaux (Islands of the Birds), he and his crew shot over 1,000 birds.

The Early Ages of Jacques Cartier

  • Jacques Cartier was born on December 31, 1491 in Saint-Malo, Brittany – which would later become part of France. His career in exploration began in 1524, when he accompanied the Italian-born French explorer Giovanni da Verrazano on his explorations of the Atlantic Coast of Canada and the United States.
  • Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Kanatas",
  • A respectable mariner, improved his social status in 1520 by marrying Catherine des Granches, member of a leading family.His good name in Saint-Malo is recognized by its frequent appearance in baptismal registers as godfather or witness.

Jacques Cartier History Timeline

Early

Life

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