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One Great Philosopher: Plotinus
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Man According to Plato
According to Plot man is a dual creature:
1.Body that 'flows'(from the realm of senses)
2.Immortal soul(from the realm of reason)
The Human Body and The Soul
The Soul
According to Plato, the human body is composed of three parts.
Each part belongs to one of the three faculties of the soul.
Each faculty has a 'virtue' it aspires to.
Reality
Plato believed that the soul existed before it came to the body but forgot all the perfect 'ideas' when it arrived to the body.
According to him the soul yearns to fly home to the realm of 'ideas' on the wings of love.
He believed that all natural phenomena are merely shadows of the eternal forms. Making the human body the shadow of the soul.
According to Plato reality divided into two.
Human Part 1: Head
Reason belongs to the head,
Reason aspires to wisdom.
Human Part 3: Abdomen
Appetite belongs to the abdomen,
Appetite must be curbed so temperance can be exercised.
1.World of Senses
2.World of 'Ideas'
In this reality everything flowed.
Nothing was permanent.
True knowledge could only be found with reason.
The 'ideas' were eternal.
Human Part 2: Chest
Will belongs to the chest,
Will aspires to courage.
Plato's State
Plato
Plato divides the state into three:
1. Rulers
2. Auxiliaries(the soldiers)
3. Laborers
Plato believed that everything tangible in nature 'flows'.
He believed that everything is made from a timeless mold.
These molds were called 'ideas' .
Plato believed that these 'ideas' were a part of another reality.
Plato's State Today
'Ideas'
These ideas were the reason why every animal is similar and different in their own ways.
Today Plato's political theory would be characterized by rationalism.
His state would be called as totalitarian because his suggested laws are oppressive and the people are allowed to have only one job.
Plato was the second of the great Greek philosophers.
He was a student of Socrates.
Plato's academy taught philosophy, mathematics and gymnastics.
Plato's Influence
Plato's questions?
Plato's teachings influenced the late Hellenistic period trend Neoplatonism.
Neoplatonism affected the mainstream Christian theology.
1.The relationship between the eternal and the immutable
2.What 'flows'
St.Augustine
The Christianity of St.Augustine was highly influence by Plato' s ideas.
St.Augustine who was a medieval philosopher found that Christianity and Plato's theories had no contradiction.
Because of him Christianity separated from the Semitics religions and became more familiar with the Indo-European religions.
One Great Philosopher: Plato
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