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A Timeline of Silent Cinema

"Pre-Cinema"

The magic lantern: a 17th-century invention with a 19th-century life

Landmarks: Film Movements of the 20s

The Birth of a Nation (Griffith, 1915)

Early Cinema: The Cinema of Attractions

Nickelodeon Boom: The Transitional Era

(1908-1917)

  • 1894-95: Growth of Kinetoscope parlors
  • December 1895: First commercial exhibition of the Lumieres' cinematographe (Paris)
  • May 1896: Premiere of Edison Vitascope (New York City)

The zoetrope: one of many nineteenth-century devices that produced moving images

The photographic gun of Etienne-Jules Marey (1882): Marey was one of several scientists who were interested in the science (and representation) of motion

  • From 1907 to 1908, the number of nickelodeons (storefront theaters) doubled.
  • By 1910, about 26 million Americans went to the cinema once a week (population of 92 million). Today, 13 percent of the population goes to the movies at least once a month.
  • Further standardization
  • Further development of film narration
  • Change in audiences

French Impressionism

(The Smiling Madame Beudet,

Dulac, 1923)

Soviet Montage

(Man with a Movie Camera,

Vertov, 1929)

the cinema "as a series of visual shocks" (Gunning)

1915

1903

Teens: Studio System (US)

1908:

Transitional Era

1927-28:

Synchronized Sound

1895:

Early Cinema

Formation of the Studios (1910s)

Early Story Films

  • 1903: More fictional than non-fictional film sold in US
  • 1907: More fictional than non-fictional film made in US

Sound and standardization (pictured: optical sound)

First Feature-Length Films

  • Photoplay magazine (1911)
  • The "central producer" system (~1914 on)
  • The development of the continuity script
  • Definitive turn toward feature-length films (1916)

serials ...

and features

The Great Train Robbery (Porter, 1903)

Quo Vadis? (1912)

The Hazards of Helen, Episode 26 (1915)

The Lights of New York (Foy, 1928)

[the first "all talking" film]

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