What does the word metis mean???

Latitude

&

Longitude

Longitude: 97.1375 W

Latitude: 49.8998 N

Metis Communities

Human

Challenges & Activities

Manitoba's

Red River

METIS

Some human challenges of the Metis living in the Red River settlement were:

- The environment was becoming a major threat

- Their was crop failure due to locusts in 1818 to 1819

- In 1826 their was a flood that almost destroyed the whole settlement

- Reduced subsidies for Metis

- Arguments over keeping their traditional language.

Human activities:

- On the edge of the plains they hunted bison

- Creating a culturally different community

- Keep kinship relationships with First Nations

What are some societal issues that the Metis dealt with ?

Location

-Having trouble being recognized as Aboriginal people

-Metis self governing rights and rights to limited formal freedom

-The Canadian provincial court in 1998 confirmed that Metis and non status Indians had equal rights as status Indians for hunting and fishing

Winnipeg (formerly known as Red River settlement) is located close to the longitudinal center of North America,at the junction of the Assiniboine and Red Rivers.

What caused the red river rebellion?

The Hudson's Bay company in 1869 was persuaded by the Canadian government to be sell the land for 300,000 pounds.The Metis living on the Red River settlement were not told about the land being sold to the government. William McDougall was elected by the Canadian government to be a lieutenant governor for the colony replacing Alexander McTavish. The Metis were very upset about not being aware of the sale between the government and the Hudson's Bay company.

History

Why did the fur trading companies encourage intermarriage between European men and Aboriginal women?

In 1812 Lord Selkirk was given a piece of land by the Hudson's Bay Company. The land was 116,000 acres and was located where the Red and Assiniboine rivers cross at the Red River Valley. This land brought in Scottish settlers. The Metis had feared the Scottish settlers because they thought they would lose the land that they occupied without a legal title.

The intermarriage was encouraged because it gave kinship relations to the First Nations, in which the Europeans had relied on. The Europeans had first relied on them for survival, and then for economic success.

Climate

Clothing

Winnipeg experiences a continental climate categorized by four different seasons. The mean temperature ranges between -12 C ( +10.4 F) in the winter and +26 C (+78.8 F) in the summer. Since Winnipeg has a northern location it experiences 2,300 hours of sunlight yearly. In the summer the country gets up to 16 hours of sunlight every day.

Metis Language

The language that the Metis speak is called Michif. Cree and French was spoken by Voyagers. This is how the language of Michif began. Today a small amount of Metis speak Michif. The language uses complex French nouns and Cree verbs.

Physical Characteristics

What does the word Metis mean???

-The Metis settled along the Red and Assiniboine rivers where their homes were, in long narrow lots from the river.

- The Red River population was about 15,000. The population was primarily made up of First Nations and Metis.

-The settlement had extended from north Netty, east to Boniface and west to the White Horse plains.

-The areas are now called St. Clemints , St. Andrews, Selkirk,and east Selkirk. They were Red Rivers northern extensions.

Metis is a French word for "mixed". Some French and British fur traders had families with New France's Aboriginal women. The children were known as Metis.

Physical & Climate Characteristics of Land and Landforms

-Winnipeg is a low lying flood plain with an extremely flat topography

-Formed by an ancient glacial Lake Agassiz with rich black soil at the bottom

- Fairly isolated city

-Humid continental climate

-Between winter and summer the weather contrasts

-Red river floodway stops floods from going into the city

Websites used:

Louis Riel

Quote

WIKIPEDIA

tourismwinnipeg.com

The rebellion

facebook (apihtawikosisan)

Firstpeopleofcanada.com/fp_metis/fp_metisredriver.html

Metis

Google

" Pray that God may preserve

the little Metis nation, and cause it to grow..... and remain faithful to its mission. During five years that I must pass in exile, I have only this to say to the Metis, remain Metis, become more Metis than ever."

" We must cherish our inheritance.We must preserve our nationality for the youth of our future. The story should be written down to pass on."

Louis Riel