Dopamine &

Dopamine

Dopamine location

Several parts of the brain, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental, hypothalamus, anterior lobe of the pituitary.

Formula= C8H11NO2

Molar Mass= 153.18g/mol

I.U.P.A.C I.D= 4-(2-aminocthyl)benzone-12-diol

Receptors= D1,D2,D3,D4,D5, TAAR1

Metabolism= MAO, COMT

Biosynthesis-DOPA decarboxylase

Target Tissue= System-wide

Sites

https://www.mayoclinic.org/disease-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293?utm_source=Google&utm_medium=abstract&utm_content=addisons-disease&utm_campaign+knowledge-panel

Epinephrine location

Epinephrine

https://universityhealthnews.com/daily/depression/8-natural-dopamine-boosters-to-overcome-depression/

Medulla of the adrenal glands and bloodstream.

Formula= C9H13NO3

Molar Mass= 183.204g/mol

I.U.P.A.C I.D= 1,2-Benzenediol,4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzyl alcohol

C.A.S ID= 51-43-4

https://www.healthline.com/health/dopamine-deficiency

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350296

Sites

What does dopamine do?

https://www.livestrong.com/article/208418-what-is-dopamine-responsible-for/

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003561.htm

Dopamine is responsible for transmitting signals between neurons (nerve cells) of the brain. Dopamine affects your emotions, pain, pleasure, and movements. Dopamine is produced in the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area. The normal levels of Dopamine is 0-30 pg/mL (195.8pmol/L).

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/evolutionary-psychiatry/.../dopamine-primer

https://www.everydayhealth.com/epinephrine/guide

Dopamine Structure

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320637.php

What does epinephrine do?

https://www1.udel.edu/chem/c4645/senior/fall00/Performance1/epinephrine.htm.html

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) is produced in the medulla of the adrenal glands and it's main job is to increase cardiac output and to raise glucose levels in the blood. The affect epinephrine has is known as the "flight or fight" response. It increased your heart rate, strengthen bones, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism. The normal level of epinephrine is 0-140 pg/mL (764.3 pmol/L).

Dopamine and Epinephrine

Epinephrine Structure

Dopamine & Epinephrine

Dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine are called catecholamines because they contain catechol. Catechol is also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, it's organic compound with the molecular formula of C6H4(OH)2.

Wendy Zavala

Epinephrine deficiency

Addison's disease is a severe if not total deficiency of the hormones produced in the adrenal glands, cortisol, epinephrine, and aldosterone.

Dopamine deficiency

Dopamine deficiency symptoms

Epinephrine deficiency symptoms

Dopamine problems are associated with ADHD, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, bipolar disorder, binge eating, depression, addiction, schizophrenia, and gambling. When dopamine gathers in the wrong place can make you psychotic.

• Muscle cramps
• Spasms/ tremor
• Aches/pains
• Loss of balance
• Stiffness in muscles
• Constipation
• Weight loss/ gain
• Difficulty eating/ swallowing
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (G.E.R.D)

• Vomiting
• Dehydration
• Muscle Hypotonaia
• Hypoglycemia
• Hypotension
• Hypothermia
• Beta- hydroxylase
• Nasal congestion
• Droopy eyelids (ptosis)
• Dizziness
• Pain in abdomen &/ or muscles

• Fainting
• Fatigue
• Lightheartedness
• Addison's disease (Hypocortisolism)
• Loss appetite
• sweating
• Water electrolyte imbalance
• Low blood sugar
• Low blood pressure

Medication/ treatment for dopamine

Dopamine discovery

Medication: Ropinirole, Pramiexole, Tyrosine, and vitamins for depression.

December 5, 2018

Dr. Carlsson (Avrid Carlsson)

(1957)

Treatment: Decrease caffeine intake, make excerise routine, set routine schedule, correct magnesium deficiency.

Medication/ treatment for epinephrine

Epinephrine discovery

Medication: Steroids, hypocortisone (Cortef), prednisone, fludrocortisone acetate, methylprednisolone.

John Jacob Abel (1900)

Jokichi Takamine (1900)

Friedrich Stolz (1904)