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Deaf Education In China

Chinese National Association of the Deaf, R.O.C.

August 9, 1992

Census In 2006

First Technical College for the Deaf in 1991

  • Initiated and organized by Chinese overseas deaf from the United States and domestic enthusiastic far-sighted deaf in different walks of the society.
  • Also a national legal social group, with domestic and foreign people to work together for the welfare of the deaf education and for the purpose of sign language learning.
  • The purpose of the Association is to improve the deaf living through the activities on deaf culture, arts, skill, sports and publishing in accordance with the current government policy.
  • Aims to promote and develop the living space free of obstacles to the deaf and further protect their rights, interests and well-being.
  • An engineering based college specifically for the deaf.
  • First and one of the only one of it's kind.
  • Helps college student become educated in technology and helps find them jobs once they graduate.
  • Technical College for the Deaf
  • China officially announced the second national census of people with disabilities.
  • China now has 82.96 million people with disabilities, counting 6.34% of the nation's total population.
  • 20.04 million are with hearing disabilities, and 1.27 million speech disabilities.
  • China now has 644 deaf schools, with 120,000 deaf students studying in either ordinary schools or special education schools.

Overseas Interaction Pt. 3 in 2006

  • The project from 2004 has reached out further to western Sichuan and Guizhou provinces. In the four project schools, sign language has been taught as mother tongue to 61 deaf children by 13 outstanding deaf teachers. Trainings were also offered to parents.

Overseas Interaction Pt. 2 In 2004

  • Norway Signo Foundation, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education, Jiangsu Special Education Research Council and Amity Foundation worked together to launch bilingual deaf education project in 5 experimental deaf schools in Jiangsu.

First Time Overseas Interaction in 1980s

  • 1980s, under the arrangement of United Nations Children's Fund, China sent teachers of deaf education to study in Norwegian Institute of Special Education (now the special education department of University of Oslo).
  • Norway also sent special educational experts to conduct trainings in China.
  • These early cooperation played a positive role in promoting China’s deaf education reform and development.

Change in 2007

  • For over 50 years with CSL being used secretly while schools used oral teachings, but this changed in February 2007 when the National Ministry of Education officially promulgated the "Deaf School Curriculum Pilot Program". In order to meet the development needs of every deaf children, the government no longer promotes "Oral Teaching" based policy, replacing it by flexible teaching methods in accordance with special needs and individual differences.

Classification of CSL

Today!

  • In the 1950s Chinese Sign Language was officially recognized by the Chinese Government.
  • There are many different sign languages within China.
  • Southern CSL: Shanghai
  • Northern CSL: Beijing <--Greater influence from Chinese language.
  • Hong Kong: Came from Southern, but now it's own language.
  • Although schools have now dropped the all oral teaching system, CSL is still not used as much as it is in America.
  • Many teachers are still unaware of how to teach deaf students properly.
  • The success and failures of the teaching system is highly affected by the economic gaps.
  • The economic gap is a huge factor in this issue.

China Government Takes Over

  • In 1949 the government took over all of the special education (deaf, blind disabled) schools (42 for the deaf and blind) which meant that the schools could begin to develop faster than expect.

The Second in 1892

  • The second school was founded by C.R. Mills wife after devoting her life to improve deaf education.
  • School based their education through Chinese Sign Language that Neddie Thompson (wife) created.
  • School with deaf teachers.

The First in 1887

  • An American missionary C.R. Mills and his wife founded the first Deaf in Yantai waterfront of Yellow Sea, Shandong province.
  • Focused on oral methods.

ONLY 120 YEARS OF HISTORY~

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