Exogenic Processes

Exogenic Processes

Mitigating measures

For mass wasting events, mitigation involves soft and hard measures.

SOFT MEASURES- information campaign, warning systems, calamity drills, etc.

HARD MEASURES- application of engineering concepts to make a sloping mass stable. It also includes the installment of different structures such a shotcretes, weep holes, terracing and coconets.

Group 1

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

CREEP- is a slow mass wasting process that takes months to years to have significant and observable change in the landscape.

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

SLUMPS- are similar to rock slides/slides in terms of a surface contact. However, for slumps, the movement is not purely translational but with a rotational factor.

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

MUDFLOWS/FLOWS- similar to rock slides/slides with a surface for materials to move down the slope with. The diagnostic character of a mudflow is the presence of excessive water.

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

FALLS\ROCK FALLS - Involving the direct downward pull of gravity in the absence of a surface. Also called a Rapid One.

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

1.FALLS/ROCK FALLS

2.ROCK SLIDES/DEBRIS SLIDES

3.MUDFLOWS/FLOWS

4.SLUMPS

5.CREEP

TYPES OF MASS WASTING based on movement

Mass Wasting Events differ on the behavior of materials as they move down under the influence of gravity. The type of movement is basically just a factor of the materials involved, the presence of the surface and the amount of the water.

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FACTORS AFFECTING MASS WASTING

WATER- the angle of repose is the highest angle that the side/slope of a mound of unconsolidated sediments will achieve under the influence of gravity.

-will be able to hold sediments together in modest and sufficient amounts which impedes the action of gravity for mass wasting to happen.

SOIL COVER- Soil will most likely cover most of exposed rocks given an amount of time due to the different sedimentary processes that will work upon it. In line with mass wasting and factors controlling it, remember that the soil will contained weathered materials (regolith) including clay minerals.

Triggering Events- In this presence of the different factors, triggering events act like “tipping the bucket” for mass wasting processes to occur. Events could be from earthquakes, excessive rainfall, volcanic eruptions etc.

Geologic features-Geologic features include a number of different factors such as the presence of structures and rock type. Structures include beddings, joints and faults. The presence of these geologic features are aggravating factors in increasing the potential for mass wasting events.

TYPES OF MASS WASTING PROCESSES

FACTOR OF SPEED (RAPID OR SLOW)

TYPE OF MATERIAL (ROCK,SOIL,DEBRIS

OR COMBINATION)

NATURE OF MOVEMENT(FALLING,SLIDING OR FLOWING)

Exogenic Processes

>Mass Wasting is the downslope process of transporting bodies from a higher elevation to a lower one.

-It is also gravity-driven.

*Exogenic processes are responsible for most of the changes we see on the surface of the earth.

*Exogenic processes are powered by the energy coming from the sun.

DIFFERENT EXOGENIC

PROCESSES

>Sedimentary Processes

( Weathering, Erosion, Transport and Deposition) including Mass Wasting and Water Cycle.