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Using A Transverse Marine Gradiometer (TVG) as submarine pipeline location tool

  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE METHOD
  • SURVEY
  • DEPTH ESTIMATIONS

IV. DEPTH ESTIMATIONS

I. INTRODUCTION

  • Conventional sonar method is not successful.
  • Most pipelines are made of steel, producing a magnetic field.
  • Two Marine Magnetometers are used in transverse mode with 1.5 m separation.

  • In the navigation channel, the TVG elevation above the seafloor was much higher than that in the shoal area.
  • The overall estimated burial depth along the route mimics the bathymetry profile, showing 3-4 m burial depth in the shoal and 1-2 m depth in the channel.
  • The TVG altitude does not correlate with the sea bottom profile, while the pipe burial depth does.

II. THE METHOD

Quasi-Analytic Signal (QAS)

Conclusion: 2D formula will work best in areas where the field has a minimal transverse gradient (both left and right magnetometer record similar field strengths).

III. SURVEY

survey area:

  • a narrow deep channel in the North
  • a large shoal in the middle
  • a wide and deep navigation channel in the South
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