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What is wrong with
"Any individual (1) who is either employed or retained by a client for financial or other compensation (2) whose services include more than one lobbying contact; and (3) whose lobbying activities constitute 20 percent or more of his or her time in services for that client over any three-month period."
What is considered activity?
Who needs to register?
Do enforced disclosure
regulations inhibit free
speech?
?
Contact?
What is wrong with
What is reported?
What is shadow lobbying? How can it exist?
How common is it?
In what ways does this fail to "connect the dots between vested interests and the end product of the policy process?" (LaPira 2016, 230)
Why is it a problem for
democracy?
http://www.msnbc.com/now-with-alex-wagner/watch/the-rise-of-shadow-lobbying-168640579513
Lobbying originated as a way to provide specialized knowledge to legislators to:
- get access
- have policy influence to serve the interests of the "client"
HOW does one get the access?
Prove what can be provided is invaluable to the legislator - cost calculation
What are LaPira's two
ways to fix this?
Organization
v. IG
v.
Lobbyists