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DIAGRAMS

Relative dating is actually the preferred method in paleontology and is considerably accurate

STRENGTHS

Original Horizontality

  • Easy to understand
  • Easy to use
  • Straightforward

Inclusion

VOCABULARY

Superpositions

Cross cutting

Relative dating only gives you the order of strata not the actual date. We can only know which one is younger and older but not by how much

LIMITATIONS

  • Doesn't provide the exact age only order

Definition

Relative dating is used to arrange geological events, and the rocks they leave behind, in a sequence. The method of reading the order is called stratigraphy (layers of rock are called strata). Relative dating does not provide actual numerical dates for the rocks. Oldest at the bottom.

According to: www.sciencelearn.org

Relative dating is used to arrange geological events. This is done by a method called stratigraphy. Sedimentary rocks are usually laid in order from oldest at the bottom to youngest at the top, this is referred to the principle of superposition.

HOW IT WORKS

MIND MAP

BY HARJAN MANN

RELATIVE DATING

  • Original Horizontality

Rock layers are deposited horizontally

  • Superpositions

Top layers are younger

  • Cross cutting

Intrusions are younger

  • Inclusion

Inclusions are older

Relative Dating and Index Fossils

Relative Dating is used to arrange the fossils in geological events using the method of stratigraphy.

  • Relative dating helps find the geological order of the index fossils

Relative Dating and Index Fossils

The principle of faunal succession makes it possible to determine the relative age of unknown fossils and correlate fossil sites across large discontinuous areas.

Index fossils are used to define geological periods. These fossils can be defined as "commonly found, widely distributed fossils that are limited in time span." If one finds an index fossil in a given layer, then one has bounds on the age of the layer. Using index fossils, the geological periods are defined

https://www.nature.com/

HOW IT WORKS

socratic.org

1. Lived for short time period

2. Abundant, common fossil

3. Widely found in many areas

4. Easy to identify

Relative Dating and Absolute Dating

Absolute dating is based on calculations of the age of rock strata based on half lives of minerals, relative dating is based on the assumed age of fossils found in the strata and the laws of super imposition

Relative Dating and Absolute Dating

STRATA

Relative dating finds the order of the strata and then absolute dating finds the exact age

Between all three dating methods

INDEX

VOCABULARY

All three dating methods make it easy to date. Relative dating helps you find the order, absolute dating then helps you find the exact age of the strata and the exact age of index fossils. Index fossils are also the basis for defining boundaries in the geologic time scale and for the correlation of strata

Definition

Index fossil, any animal or plant preserved in the rock record of the Earth that is characteristic of a particular span of geologic time or environment. ... Index fossils are the basis for defining boundaries in the geologic time scale and for the correlation of strata.

According to: www.britannica.com/

HALF-LIFE

RADIOACTIVE

INDEX FOSSILS

DIAGRAMS

Absolute Dating and Index Fossils

Index fossils can be used as guides to the age of the rocks in which they are preserved.

  • Limited to radioactive material
  • Easily recognizable
  • Basis for defining boundaries in the geologic time scale
  • Very good guides

LIMITATIONS

STRENGTHS

Absolute dating has another important weakness in the type of material that can be dated. For any material to be datable, it is important to note that the material must be radioactive material. ... Moreover, for a better result, one is obliged to have lots of the radioactive materials for them obtain more data.

ABSOLUTE DATING

Index fossils are the basis for defining boundaries in the geologic time scale and for the correlation of strata.

courcehero.com

Absolute Dating and Index Fossils

  • Very rare
  • Hard to find
  • Can be confusing

LIMITATIONS

Absolute dating is used to determine a precise age of a rock or fossil through radiometric dating methods.

Index fossils of plant origin are very rare

  • Exact age
  • Very accurate

STRENGTHS

Absolute dating provides a numerical age or range in contrast with relative dating which places events in order without any measure of the age between events.

Absolute dating methods determine how much time has passed since rocks formed by measuring the radioactive decay of isotopes or the effects of radiation on the crystal structure of minerals. Paleomagnetism measures the ancient orientation of the Earth's magnetic field to help determine the age of rocks.

HOW IT WORKS

DIAGRAMS

NUMERICAL DATING

  • Calculating radioactive decay

  • Paleomagnetism

RADIOACTIVE DECAY

VOCABULARY

Paleomagnetism

RADIOMETRIC

ZIRCON

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