Chapter 13 Globalization and Terrorism

Chapter 13

Globalization & Terrorism

terrorism: "premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience."

glob·al·i·za·tion [gloh-buh-luh-zey-shuhn] noun

1. worldwide integration and development: Globablization has resulted in the loss of some individual cultural identities.

there are 6 different types of terrorists

• national terrorists: seek to change the entire political, social, and economic system to an extreme right or ultraconservative model
• religious terrorists: use violence to bring about social and cultural changes that are in keeping with their religious views
• state-sponsored terrorists: are deliberately employed by radical nations as foreign policy tools
• left-wing terrorists: seek to replace economies based on free enterprise with socialist or communist economic systems
• right-wing terrorists: are motivated by fascist ideals and work toward the dissolution of democratic governments
• anarchist terrorists: revolutionary, anticapitalist, and antiauthoritarian who are motivated by domestic politics but are usually part of a wider international campaign

transnational crime is an unlawful activity that is committed across national boundaries, this forces different nations to join together to combat crime human smuggling and trafficking is one of the biggest transnational crimes todayhuman smuggling is the transportation of one person into another country illegally for money or other paymenttrafficking is a modern day slavery which can be used to transport people for the use of drug smuggling or sex trafficking

U.S. faces two types of terrorism:

domestic (based in U.S.) [ex. oklahoma city bombings]

international (based internationally) [ex. 9/11 attack]

comparative criminology is the study of crime across national levels; this is used to compare crime patterns in one country to another's in order to help install new policies or reevaluate their laws

war on terrorism

USA PATRIOT Act (uniting and strengthening America by providing appropriate tools required to intercept and obstruct terrorism)

department of homeland security

• border and transportation security- maintaining security of the nations borders and transportation (u.s. customs, border patrol, immigration, ect.)
• emergency preparedness and response-ensures nation is prepared for and able to recover from natural disasters and terrorist attacks
• science and technology- research and development to help prepare and respond to full range threats and mass destruction
• information analysis and infrastructure protection- identifies and assesses any an all threats and issues warnings and takes preventative action
• management- responsible for budgets, management and personnel issues within the department of homeland security

ethnocentrism is an issue facing comparative criminologists

ethnocentrism is when other countries have different beliefs in the way of solving crime or gathering crime statistics

many countries like china do not believe in direct questioning and believe that to be a sign of disrespect

it is often very hard to come up with global statistics because crime is recorded and viewed differently in many different areas and cultures

major agencies within the U.S.

• United States Coast Guard: works with the department of defense and answers to the secretary of DHS
• United States Secret Service: protection of the president and other government officials
• Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services
• Office of State and Local Government Coordination: makes sure local, state and government coordinate together for effective terrorism prevention
• Office of Private Sector Liaison: works with DHS and businesses
• Office of Inspector General: is an independent and objective inspection, audit and investigative body to the DHS