Louis Riel and the Red RIver Rebellion

The Involvement of the Blackfoot and Cree in the North-West Rebellion

Big Bear

The Cree and Blackfoot took the Rebellion as a excuse to start attacking white settlements, take white prisoners, plunder food, and set fire to buildings.

Both Poundmaker and Big Bear were taken prisoner, Poundmaker was released after a year and died shortly after, the same happened with Big Bear but he stayed for a while longer and died in 1888.

Cree

Was Riel Justified

-Was not fully recognised as chief.

-He was very independent and would do things without consulting his or other tribes.

-Showed up o the signing of treaty no.6 a day late.

-He defied the treaty for 6 years after its signing, attrating independant warriors to his camp.

Louis Riel and the Red River Rebellion

Poundmaker

Riel's Role in Metis and Aboriginal History

I believe Riel was justified in the first rebellion, however, in the second rebellion he went too far. In the second rebellion he actually had the Metis take up arms and fight battles. It might have seemed necessary but it wasn't and he should have done what he had previously and sent people over to negotiate.

Blackfoot/Cree

Riel in the Second Rebellion

-Could speak very well in English and possibly French.

-He could impress white men with his speech as it was very dignified.

-He signed treaty six even though he did not agree with it.

-Died in 1886

Riel played a huge role in Metis history.

If not for him the Metis wouldn't have gotten a bill of rights as soon as they did if at all. He also caused the creation of Manitoba. The second rebellion caused the Aboriginals to attack white settlements and two of three Aboriginal leaders to be put in prison for 3 years.

Reasons For Failure

North-West Rebellion

What was Riel

-Riel wasn't the same after his exile in the US.

-He had recently been released from a asylum.

-He was a much more radical man deciding to take up arms before completely exhausting his political options.

-He had become very passionate about hi peoples rights.

-They had outdated equipment.

-They had fewer people.

-Their leader was hated throughout Canada.

-Louis Riel was not the same man he once was and couldn't lead his people properly.

Riel was a hero to his people and an annoyance to the Canadian government.

I believe he was a annoyance because even though he got the Metis rights and created Manitoba, he angered the Canadian citizens and ran away when they came after him causing them to take out their anger on the Metis forcing them to leave their land. He made it worse by starting the second rebellion where he got the Metis to take up arms and further anger the Canadian government and its citizens.

The Purchase of Rupert's Land

Batoche

Rebellions Led by Lois Riel

-Located along the South Saskatchewan river.

-The Métis settled there.

-Riel was called to aid the Métis because he had previously stood up for the Métis and was semi-successful.

In 1869 Canada received title to Rupert's land, however, they sent surveyors to the land in 1868. The Métis were not consulted about the sale. This purchase or prime farm land caused an influx of settlers to move to the area.

North-West Rebellion (1885)

Red River Rebellion (1869-70)

How Did it Start?

Orange Party

In both rebellions he encouraged the Metis people to stand up for their rights and themselves be it in politics or combat.

-Riel and the Metis started a petition encouraging everyone t sign it.

-They started a rebel government.

-They siezed the parish church and demanded the surrender of a nerby HBC post at Fort Carlton.

The Orange Party was a protestant fraternity organization

that helped protestants and irish come to Canada. Three of our Prime Ministers were part of this group including John.A.Macdonald.

They were anti-Catholic and anti-Métis.

Governor William MacDougall

-Part of the Great Coalition

-Named Minister of Public Works

-Named lieutenant-governor of the Northwest Territories

-Wanted to Annex

the NW Territories

-Worried they would lose their rights.

-Worried they would lose their land.

-Worried they would lose their culture.

-Worried they would lose business.

-Charged with treason in 1885

-Trial in Regina.

-Defended on the grounds of insanity

-Riel wanted to claim self-defence

-Could not pay for his own defence instead his friends in Quebec paid for it

-He gave a speech that dismantled his lawyers insanity defence and made it so that there was no chance of a guilty sentence.

-Execution was delayed for an examination of his mental state.

-Executed on public gallows on 16 November 1885.

Louis Riel

Thomas Scott

-Well Educated

-Bilingual

-Ambitious

Quebec

-Active and zealous Orange Man

-Allied With the Canadian Party

-Executed b Firing Squad

He was forced to stay in Quebec because he had been admitted to a mental hospital. The reason for this being that he thought he was "the prophet of the new world." He was discharged in 1877.

John.A.MacDonald

Could the Army be Used

-First Prime

Minister of

Canada

-Drank a lot

-Was a scottish

highlander

-Distance was to great

-Was in the middle of winter

-The Metis didn't do anything wrong

End Result

Response to the Sale of the Red River Valley

In the end the Métis were given rights in a new province called Manitoba. The new land the Métis were given was 200 hectares in size and on this land they controlled how it would be used. Riel was forced to go into hiding because he was still being hunted by the Canadian government and eventually fled to the Montana in the United States.

Riel created bands of Métis to observe and confront the surveyors.

He then created the Métis National

Committee. When William McDougall arrived he was not given a warm welcome and instead was told to go back to Ottawa. Riel then gathered a group of Métis and took Fort Garry.

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