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- Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction to antigen)
-with symptoms ( mouth swell , difficult breathing, low BP)
- within 15 minutes of receiving the vaccine, can treat it with
: adrenaline hormone to reduce your body's allergic response
: Oxygen
- Soreness
- Swelling
-Redness
-Nausea
-Fatigue
Process of producing vaccine
1) (surface antigen) taken from human carriers of HB virus infection
2) DNA isolated from HB virus, cut using restriction enzyme at recognition site
3) Extract plasmid DNA from yeast cell and isolated... form complementary sticky ends
4) Forming plasmid vector which transfers genetic material from one cell to another
5) Isolated HB virus antigen inserted into plasmid vector via ligation forming recombinant DNA
6) Introduced into yeast cell forming recombinant yeast cell
5) Added into fermentation tank, growth of yeast cell producing HB antigen for few hours
7) Added into fermentation tank, growth of yeast cell producing HB antigen for few hours
8) Then antigen protein released from yeast cell , purified, ready to be used as vaccine
9) When antigen from virus in vaccine given to patients, immune system stimulated to produce antibodies to protect against it
6) Then antigen protein released from yeast cell , purified, ready to be used as vaccine
Patient has acute HB infection
7) When antigen from virus in vaccine given to patients, immune system stimulated to produce antibodies to protect against it
received 5 HB vaccines
Conclusion
- Vaccination is good
- creates long-term immunity ( 30 years )
- > 90 percent protection
initial response to it moderate , reached good amount of anti HB antibodies in response to it
- Decline of HB virus due to vaccination given to children and teenagers
after 14 years after booster vaccination he developed full-blown acute hepatitis due to an HBV infection
patient was infected with a normal HBV strain that is circulating among men who have sex with men
genuine hepatitis B vaccination failure
Background
liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus
2 phases to this infection
worldwide healthcare problem ( developing areas )
350 million people chronically infected, and causes approximately 1 million deaths annually
Structure of HB virus
- given in 3 doses over few months ( booster shots ) because body take time to develop immunity
Acute hepatitis B (short-term illness ) first 6 months
- mild symptoms
- can clear virus without treatment & be immune
- DNA
- DNA polymerase
-core antigen
- surface antigen
It can be fatal if not treated
Chronic hepatitis B ( lifelong infection)
- serious health problem ( liver damage, lead to cancer,death )
Nausea and vomiting
Weakness and fatigue
Yellowing of your skin and the whites of your eyes (jaundice)
Hepatitis B virus vaccine
Abdominal pain
Dark urine
Fever
Joint pain
Loss of appetite
Hepatitis B ( silent infection )
- can live for decades without having symptoms , but virus silently damages liver
History
1963
1968
1986
SPREAD when blood, semen, body fluid infected with the HB virus enters the body of unaffected person , via :
Vaccination
1) (surface antigen) taken from human carriers of HB virus infection
2) DNA isolated from HB virus, cut using restriction enzyme at recognition site
3) Extract plasmid DNA from yeast cell and isolated... form complementary sticky ends
4) Forming plasmid vector which transfers genetic material from one cell to another
1) (surface antigen) taken from human carriers of HB virus infection
2) DNA isolated from HB virus, cut using restriction enzyme at recognition site
3) Extract plasmid DNA from yeast cell and isolated... form complementary sticky ends
4) Forming plasmid vector which transfers genetic material from one cell to another
5) Isolated HB virus antigen inserted into plasmid vector via ligation forming recombinant DNA
6) Introduced into yeast cell forming recombinant yeast cell