Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading content…
Transcript

Often, to resolve disputes, men

in the inupiat culture would have

song duels, in which they would

insult each other in song until one

withdrew in shame. These were

public events.

Contact with Europeans came in 1826, when two British men arrived and renamed the area Barrow.

By 1854, commercial whaling ships arrived in Barrow and trade began between the Iñupiaq and European whalers.

In the early 1900s Christianity was introduced to the natives by followers of Russian Orthodox beliefs.

Traditional subsistence patterns depend on location and season. The time of year affects the resources such as whales, marine mammals, fish, caribou, and plants.

For example:

•Whales and walrus were hunted in the coastal and island villages.

  • The tools used to hunt whales were harpoons attached to seal skin buoys in order to keep the whale a float.

•Salmon, cod, and whitefish were fished whenever ice formed; herring and crab and halibut were also caught.

  • Fish were caught through, nets, harpoons, and native fishing poles.

•Birds and eggs also formed an important part of their diet during times of being inland.

Inupiaq & St. Island Yupik

Tools and Technology!

Tunnel entrances below the living area were used to trap the cold air

Seal oil lamps made from soapstone or pottery would be used for heating, cooking and light.

Tools were most

commonly made for:

•butchering,

•tanning,

•carving,

•drilling,

•inscribing,

•sharpening

•and flaking.

The structures were rectangular, about 12-15 by 8-10 ft, made of sod blocks laid over driftwood or whalebone. A structure like this would hold eight to ten people

House Types and Settlements

The bow drill was an important tool, used for starting fires as well as drilling holes in wood, bone, ivory.

Community homes called qargis were used as work and gathering areas.

Many places used the ground as insulation.

Traditional groups have a variety of tools made from:

  • stone
  • wood
  • bone
  • & ivory

Other tools include:

•scratching boards (for attracting seals to breathing holes

•bows

•arrows

•spears

•bolas (for taking birds)

•snares

Social Organization

Map of Inupiaq and St. Lawrence Island Yupik region

Inupiaq houses were varied in material and design but followed a few basic rules.

Who They Are

Inupiaq society was centered around kinship. Strangers were treated as dangerous. Within families, relatives on either side were considered equal. Societies traded with one another, and intermarried.

Ceremonies

The messenger feast is a celebration where nearby people come together for games and feasts.

The Inupiaq and St. Lawrence Island Yup'ik people are hunter-gatherer societies that live in North and Northwest Alaska.

Trade

A week long

celebration of games feasts and dance takes place at the end of the whaling season. people are tossed high into the air on a walrus hid until they can't tray upright anymore.

This was once used as a method to spot whales in the distance but eventually became a tradition.

Men and Women had strict roles to adhere to. Males hunted and built things, while women prepared food, tanned hides, and sewed clothing.

Many of these products were exchanged for Russian tobacco

One of the last trading fairs for the natives occurred Nuiqsut in the 1880s

Local trade goods include:

  • oil
  • seal, whale, and walrus meat
  • ugruk skins & rope

Works Cited

  • Morley, Sean. "Chronology of Sea Kayak Expeditions." Expeditionkayakcom. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Sept. 2013.

Traditional and Contemporary Subsistence Patterns

  • Black, Kareem. "Bull Fight: Red Bull's EmSee Philadelphia Rap Battle." Okayplayer Bull Fight Red Bulls EmSee Philadelphia Rap Battle Comments. Red Bull, n.d. Web. 06 Sept. 2013.
  • http://www.alaskanative.net/
  • http://www.akhistorycourse.org/artcles/article.php?artlD=31

European Contact

Inupiaq Video

Transport

The Umiaq was used for trade and hunting.

The Kayak was made with seal skin and

a wooden frame.

Clothing

The basket sled was used for land travel.

Snowshoes were used for walking. On snow.

FUN FACT!

On the tops and pants, made of caribou skins, the inside is sewn with the fur facing towards the body, and the top layer is sewn with the fur facing towards the open air.

The Inupiaq women’s coats had a larger hood for carrying small children. The St. Lawrence Island Yupik's, however, do not carry their babies in their parkas.

Food

Traditional clothing consisted of:

  • outer and inner pullover tops (parkas or kuspuks / qiipaghaq - the outer garment)
  • outer and inner pants
  • socks
  • &boots (kamiks).

Gloves were made from various skins, with the fur turned inside- like the inner pants & tops- and usually connected with leather strip around the neck.

The Inupiaq ate different things based on the location they lived in and the season it was.

Most meat was either dried or left to ferment or freeze in a hole to eat later in the year.

In the far north the Inupiaq ate primarily

Bowhead whale meat.

Those close to the seward peninsula and the coast relied on walrus meat.

The Inupiaq ate a wide range of animals including:

Seals, birds and their eggs, polar bears, dall sheep, foxes and musk-ox

Different Fish like:

pink and chum salmon, cod, inconnu, whitefish, herring and halibut.

The inland Inupiaq eat primarily caribou, salmon, and other freshwater fish.

Edible roots, shoots and ground berries were collected during the short summer season.

Inupiaq & St. Lawrence

Island Yupik region

sup?

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi