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The evolution of the excretory system
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The Evolution of the Excretory System
References
The Excretory System
Removes unnecessary materials from the body to maintain homeostasis and prevent harm to the organism.
http://urinarysystems.weebly.com/chordata.html
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio106/chordate.htm
http://excreting101.weebly.com/porifera.html
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/36943/arthropod/42368/Excretory-system-and-water-balance
Arthropoda
Arthropods have malpighian tubes which collect waste from the blood and direct it into the intestine where it can then travel to the anus to be excreted and coxal glands to collect and expel urine.
Porifera
Chordata
The phylum Porifera consists simply of sponges which absorb oxygen from water through diffusion. However, waste materials such as carbon dioxide and ammonia are also take in. To expel these unwanted materials Archaeocyte cells transport the materials through the connective tissue of the sponge and back into the water current.
The major excretory system change in chordata is the development of the kidneys to filter waste and other materials out of the blood of the organism.
Nematoda
In Nematodes waste is excreted in the form of ammonia through the body wall of a nematode. In marine Nematodes two glands (or in the case of other Nematodes two ducts) excrete salt to maintain their water balance.
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