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1. INTERPHASE- longest phase of the cell cycle, known as the "resting phase", and the cell does not divide, and it's the peroid of cell growth and metabolism. The DNA replicates or duplicates in this phase.
2. PROPHASE- First phase of mitosis! Chromosomes become visible in the center of cell and the centrioles separate and begin forming a spindle fiber apparatus.
3. Metephase- Centrioles are opposite poles, replicated chromosomes line up at equator & spindle fibers attach to centromeres that hold chromatids together.
4.Anaphase- Pulls apart! Shortest phase of Mitosis! The spindle fibers shorten and pull chromatides to opposite poles.
5. Telophase- Chromosomes reach opposite poles of cell, reversal of many prophase events occurs, chromosomes uncoil & decondense to become threadlike chromatin & a nuclear enelope forms around chromosomes. Plus Cytokinesis occurs.
6. Cytokinesis- cytoplasmic division! Acleavage furrow forms as cell membrane pinches inward.
Metastasis is where cancer cells from a first tumor detach and spread to other parts of the body. Methods like surgey and radiation are effective for treating a tumor in one ppart of th thebody but once it detaches and spreads, there is less chance of treating it. A new study suggests to not only find the cancer cells but kill it too. Two proteins, and adhesive called E-selectin, and TRAIL(Tumor Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand - a protein that triggers suicide in tumor cells). Scientists tested this protein in two environments. One in saline. its success rte was 60%. The second environment, a model of flowing blood that has forces, mixing and other conditions similar to the human body. The success rate went up to 100%. This is just another discovery, an extra step towards curing cancer.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/270838.php
Glioblastoma is the deadliest form of brain cancer that spreads to other parts of the brain by following nerve fibers and blood vessels. Scientists have now discovered a way to intercept this mobile feature and lead the malignant cells using nano fiber monorails somewhere else to be killed.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/272785.php
A self-replicating, small, fibrous, cylindrical-shaped organelle, typically located in the cytoplasm near the nucleus in cells of most animals. It is involved in the process of nuclear division.
A part of the Endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with Ribosomes
Cell
Cell
A part of the Endoplasmic Reticulum that is tubular and lacks Ribosomes. Its functions include lipid synthesis, Carbohydrate metabolism, calcium concentration, drug detoxification, and attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins.
Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Organelle containing acid hydrolase enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.
Cell
Converts energy from the sun into chemical energy through photsynthesis. Chloroplast can only be found in plant cells.
The Cell Theory States that:
Cytoplasm: Jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended; aids in cell movement and shape.
Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, converts nutrients into energy.
Found on rough ER and throughout cytoplasm; synthesizes proteins
Vaculole regulates amount of pressure in the cell, stores nutrients, waste products and water with out it the cell would dry out. Plant Vacuoles are bigger than Animal Vacuoles.