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composed of the brain and spinal cord, makes decisions about what the body should do based off sensory information
responsible for conscious actions such as movement
responsible for subconscious actions such as breathing or digestion
deliver information from the brain (CNS) to the PNS
deliver information from the spinal cord (CNS) to the PNS
the "fight or flight" division, used when you're in an excited state
the "rest and digest" division, used when you're in a calm state
brings sensory information to the CNS and carries out the orders from the CNS
Neuron with only
1 projection from body
which splits into an axon
and dendrite
Deliver signals between the other neurons
A neuron is a cell that transmits nerve impulses
Neuron with 1 axon
and 1 dendrite
Controls muscle contraction and movement
- classified by function
- classified by structure
Neuron with 1
axon and many dendrites
Transmit sensory information to the rest of the brain and spinal cord
chemical that carries the impulse throughout the nerves (acetylcholine)
Throughout the brain, absorbs shock
an element in the membrane of the nerve that is involved in action potential, can cause depolarization
The middle layer, it stores cerebrospinal fluid
Responsible for breathing
Connects to the spinal cord, controls vascular
The outermost layer, it is vascular and provides protection to the brain
The innermost layer, it's vascular
Passes information from the spinal cord to the brain
an element in the nerve's membrane involved in action potential, can cause hyperpolarization when too much leaves
a neuron will either reach action potential and fire or it will not; there is no in between when it comes to a nerve's firing
The part of the brain containing the four lobes, responsible for the integration of complex sensory and neural functions and coordination
in the back of the brain, coordinates and regulates muscle activity
Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus
The main part of a neuron that houses the nucleus
The ends of a neuron that receive incoming signals
the outermost layer of the cerebellum, made up of folded grey matter and responsible for consciousness
the gap between two adjacent neurons, the signal travels across it during action potential
Responsible for planning, judgment, and higher thinking skills
Interprets all sensory information passed to the brain and then sends them to the appropriate brain area
Maintains homeostasis by controlling breathing, heart rate, hunger, and sleeping.
The part of a neuron the signal travels down
nerves that join the two hemispheres of the brain and allow them to communicate
Responsible for sensory and understanding speech
help to maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide structure
Responsible for vision
sodium enters the membrane and it becomes positive
potassium leaves the membrane and it becomes more negative
Responsible for hearing and memories
-55
this level must be reached to begin action potential (-55)
Coats the axon and speeds up signals
-70
Where the signal passes on the axon (since it cannot pass on the myelin)
Hyperpolarization
sodium and potassium follow the rules of diffusion
too much potassium leaves the membrane and it becomes too negative