Declaration of Philippine Independence

• White triangle symbolizes the distinctive emblem of the Katipunan
• 3 stars symbolize the main islands of the archipelago: Luzon, Mindanao and Panay
• Sun symbolizes the steps of our countrymen to progress and civilization
• 8 rays symbolize the 8 provinces active in the revolution since the first revolt: Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.
• The colors red, blue and white symbolize the commemoration of the flag of the U.S. and as a sign of gratitude to them.

BACKGROUND OF THE PERIOD

AND THEN?

• General Emilio Aguinaldo returned to the Philippines and with the help of the U.S. Navy led by U.S. Navy commodore George Dewey
• They defeated the Spanish fleet in the Battle of Manila Bay that took place on the 1st of May 1898.
• Although successful in defeating the Spaniards, General Emilio Aguinaldo and the rest of the Philippine revolutionary army faces a new enemy, the United States as they saw the Philippines as a prize for defeating the Spaniards.

HOW DID IT START?

WHAT HAPPENED?

Spanish Colonization

(1521-1898)

• The revolution started when Filipinos had enough of the violent Spanish rule
• For the Katipuneros, the revolution serves as the start to claim back the freedom of the Filipino people that was taken by the first Governor-General Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
• The leadership of the revolution was given to General Emilio Aguinaldo in 1897 after Andres Bonifacio was allegedly accused of sedition.

• On the 15th of December 1897, the Philippine Revolutionary army and the Spanish government made a truce known as the “Pact of Biak-na-Bato”
• The Pact of Biak-na-Bato was a failed truce between the Revolutionary army and the Spanish government
• While in Hong Kong, the leaders of the Revolutionary army alongside with General Emilio Aguinaldo used the money they received from the Spanish government to buy new weapons while the Spanish government did not commit in making the necessary reforms.

After suffering from the Spanish government and friars’ mistreatment and the sacrifices and loss of brave countrymen like Dr. Jose Rizal and the three Filipino priests known as the GomBurZa, the revolutionaries sought to reclaim their country for their people.

Execution of GOMBURZA

Aguinaldo, Paterno sitting and 5 other Filipino leaders December 1897

Why was the date moved?

Regards to content of the proclamation

• In the height of Filipino nationalism during the 1950-1960’s it was deemed by lawmakers at that time to recognize June 12 as the independence day instead of July 4 to give recognition to the Filipinos who stood up against the Spanish rule.

• Despite the passing of this law, each group of historians are divided as to when should the Philippine independence day should be celebrated.
• Some arguing that it should still be celebrated in July 4 to align with international records and receive “proper” recognition.
• Some are even proposing that August 1896 is the more appropriate date to be remembered as this was when the cedulas were torn in the Cry of Pugadlawin.

The June 12 proclamation modified later by another proclamation done at Malolos, Bulacan, upon the insistence of Apolinario Mabini, chief adviser for General Aguinaldo, who objected to the original proclamation, because it placed the Philippines under the protection of the United States (Dumindin, 2015).

RECOGNITION

Former President Ferdinand Marcos issued Proclamation 2364 on July 4, 1984 which states that July 4 will be known as the Filipino-American friendship day to commemorate the efforts of The United States in helping to liberate the Philippines from Japan during World War 2.

IMPORTANT POINTS

Emilio Aguinaldo’s declaration of Philippine Independence was recognized by neither Spain nor the United States.

It was only in 1964 when President Diosdado P. Macapagal signed Republic Act 4166 designating June 12 as Philippine Independence Day that the country began to celebrate Independence Day on June 12. It used to be celebrated on July 4

(Guillermo, 2015).

REFERENCES:

Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista

(December 7, 1830 – December 4, 1903)

JUNE 12 FROM JULY 4

II. RESTATING OF THE ERA OF SPANISH DOMINION (PAR 5-6)

I. BACKGROUND

OF THE DOCUMENT

A. Magellan's arrival on the

Philippine islands

B. The Philippines under

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

• Arrived on the shores of Cebu and established a pact of friendship with Chief Tupas
• Was later killed after being provoked to a fight by Lapu-Lapu

• Manila has been taken into possession after the blood compact between de Legazpi and Chiefs Soliman and Lakandula.

Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista. (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2015, from http://www.oocities.org/sinupan/BaltzarF.htm

Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista. (2011, December 7). Retrieved September 1, 2015, from http://kahimyang.info/kauswagan/articles/799/today-in-philippie-history-december-7-1830-ambrosio-rianzares-bautista-lawyer-and-gen-emilio-aguinaldo-s-confidante-was-born-in-bi-an-laguna

Ambrosio, Rianzares Bautista (n.d.). Declaration of Philippine Independence. Retrieved September 1, 2015 from http://www.msc.edu.ph/centennial/declaration.html

Clarkisit.com. (n.d.). Celebrating the 4th of July and Filipino-American friendship day. Retrieved September 7, 2015 from http://www.clarkisit.com/celebrating-4th-july-filipino-american-friendship-day/

Dumindin, A. (2015). Philippine-American War, 1899-1902 | by Arnaldo Dumindin.Philippineamericanwar.webs.com. Retrieved 1 September 2015, from http://philippineamericanwar.webs.com/philippineindependence.htm

Esplanada, Jerry E. (June 12, 2008). Feel Stirring Beat of National Anthem, Poetry in its Lyrics. Retrieved September 7, 2015, from http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/visayas/view/20080612-142202/Feel-stirring-beat-of-national-anthem-poetry-in-its-lyrics

Guillermo, J. (2015). Independence Day dates | mb.com.ph | Philippine News. Mb.com.ph. Retrieved 1 September 2015, from http://www.mb.com.ph/independence-day-dates/

n.a. (n.d). PHILIPPINEflag. Retrieved September 5, 2015, from http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippineflag.html

Official Gazette. (n.d.). Republic act no. 4166. Retrieved September 7, 2015 from http://www.gov.ph/1964/08/04/republic-act-no-4166/

Presidential Museum & Library (April 17, 2015). June 12 and the Commemoration of Philippine Independence. Retrieved September 5, 2015, from http://malacanang.gov.ph/7857-june-12-1898-and-the-commemoration-of-philippine-independence/

Presidential Museum & Library (June 10, 2014). The National Anthem’s Predecessor and Influences. Retrieved September 4, 2015, from http://malacanang.gov.ph/7815-the-national-anthems-predecessor-and-influences/

Philippine Country (2015), Spanish Colonization. Retrieved 1 September 2015, from http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_history/spanish_colonization.html

Philippine News Agency. (2012) Execution of Gomburza. Retrieved 2 September 2015, from http://kahimyang.info/kauswagan/articles/937/today-in-philippine-history-february-17-1872-fathers-mariano-gomez-jose-apolonio-burgos-and-jacinto-zamora-were-executed

The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (n.d.). Philippine revolution. Retrieved September 1, 2015 from http://www.britannica.com/event/Philippine-Revolution

Written by Mr. Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista for the speech declaration of the Philippine independence on June 12, 1898 at Cavite-Viejo (present day Kawit).

C. Establishment of

Biak-na-bato Republic

• Distant relative of the Rizal family
• War counselor and special delegate
• Was popular among peasants as “Don Bosyong” and laborers
• He died of a fatal fall from a horse-drawn carriage at the age of 72

D. Philippine Revolution

• Emilio Aguinaldo has been crowned as the President of the Biak na Bato Republic under the governance of Governor General Fernando Primo de Rivera.
• Pedro Paterno proposed a pacification of the revolution which was accepted by the Governor General which granted amnesty to convicted persons during the movement, and was later nullified after Spanish troops were killed on a bombing at a plaza on Cavite.

• “Don Emilio Aguinaldo returned in order to initiate a new revolution...”
• First movement started on August 28, 1896 on Imus and Cavite-Viejo which was won by the Filipinos and spread throughout Bataan, Pampanga, Batangas, Bulacan, Laguna and Morong afterwards; and later on, Manila has been once taken control of the Filipinos with the aid of the Americans.

Aguinaldo Mansion in Kawit, Cavite in 1914

When he wrote the Act of Declaration of Philippine Independence, he patterned the act on the American declaration of Independence

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE SYMBOLS OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG (PAR 12)

III. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ANTHEM

• Read the declaration during the June 12, 1898 Independence proclamation by General Aguinaldo in Kawit, Cavite
• Became the second President of the Malolos Congress
• After the Filipino-American War, he was appointed judge of the Court of First Instance of Pangasinan

• The flag’s design was decided by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo during his exile in Hong Kong
• Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo requested Mrs. Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, the wife of the first Filipino diplomat (Don Felipe Agoncillo), because of her sewing skills
• Mrs. Agoncillo, together with her daughter, Lorenza, and Mrs. Delfina Herbosa de Natividad (niece of Dr. Jose Rizal and wife of General Salvador Natividad), made the flag in 535 Morrison Hill, Hong Kong

• Upon Gen. Aguinaldo’s return from Hong Kong on June 5, 1898, he met with Julian Felipe and asked him to compose a national hymn
• Originally called “Marcha Filipina Magdalo” and performed without lyrics with a tempo of 2/4; later known as “Marcha Nacional Filipina”
• A year after the composition of the anthem, the lyrics were adopted from Jose Palma’s poem Filipinas, which was in Spanish; (but sometime in the 1920s the time signature was changed to 4/4 because the music was too fast for singing)
• During Magsaysay’s administration, then Education Secretary Gregorio Hernandez commissioned the revision of the lyrics to Tagalog

• One of the officers of Liga Filipina and wrote articles for La Independencia
• Arrested and jailed at the outbreak of the Revolution
• Adviser of Emilio Aguinaldo and was appointed auditor-general de Guerra

Philippine Flag, 1898-1901

• In Julian Felipe’s memoirs, it was said that the National Anthem was based on three musical pieces, namely, The Marcha Real, the Grand March from Giuseppe Verde’s Aida, and La Marseillaise.
• Second national anthem written; the first was “Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan” commissioned by Andres Bonifacio and composed by musician Julio Nakpil in 1897
• Together with the Philippine flag, they were presented during the proclamation of independence in June 12, 1898, in Cavite el Viejo (Kawit, Cavite)
• it was played by the band of San Francisco de Malabon
• The anthem was finally sung in Filipino on May 26, 1956; minor revisions were made in the 1960s and it is the version that we sing today

• Site of the historic Proclamation of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898
• Declared a national shrine in June 1964
• It wasn't Aguinaldo who waved the Philippine flag from the central window; Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista did.
• Here, he declared the independence of the Filipinos and the birth of the Philippine Republic “under the protection of the mighty and humane North American Union.”

Declaration of

Philippine Independence

by: Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista

KASPIL2 V24 Group 2: Cho, Espina, Idiesca, Macapugay, Ocampo, Salita, See, Sotto