Black Bear Digestive System

How the bear digest

What do black bear eats

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1 They eat whole pieces of prey with their Canine teeth.

2 Then they take small pieces with their bicuspids and carnassial teeth and swallow the smaller pieces whole.

3 It travels down the esophagus and into the stomach.

4 In the stomach, acid breaks down food into a liquidy mixture.

5 This liquidy mixture enters the small intestines, where it is broken down even more.

These basic components are absorbed into the bloodstream.

7 The leftovers go to the large intestines.

8 In the large intestines water is drawn out.

9 This water leaves the body by the anus as excrement.

Black bears eat a variety of foods, depending on what is available in different places and at different times of the year. Black bears depend primarily on plants for food, they change their diet with the seasons. In the spring they mainly eat grasses and herbs; in the fall they eat a combination of soft fruits and berries, and hard nuts (acorns); in the summer they eat fruits and berries from trees and shrubs (In the southwest, black bears may include fruits of prickly pear cactus); During the summer months when there is a lot of food, black bears are able to eat a lot of different kinds of food, and they store large amounts of fat in the fall, primarily from fruits, nuts and acorns, to prepare for winter hibernation. In the winter, when food is most scarce, black bears hibernate in dens. When they emerge in the spring and little food is available, they live partly off stored body fat from the previous fall—and they continue to lose weight until the summer when fruits and berries are available.

- The organs in the digestive system in a bear

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It contain

*Liver

*gallbladder

*Pylorus

*Duodenum

*Large Intestine

*Esophagus

*cardiac sphincter

*Esophagus

* Stomach

*Spleen

*Small Intestine

*Colon

*Rectum

*Anus

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The size of a black bear

Adult males typically weigh between 57–250 kg (126–551 lb), while females weigh 33% less at 41–170 kg (90–375 lb).[5][37] In the state of California, studies have indicated that the average mass is 86 kg (190 lb) in adult males and 58 kg (128 lb) in adult females.

The black bear

How the Organ Help In Digestion

The American black bear digestive system is very similar to that of a human because they are both mammals. The first step is that the black bear mechanical (chewing) and chemical (enzymes) digests the food in it's mouth by using the salivary glands which are triggered by food coming into contact with the bears oral cavities (mouth).The food then goes down the pharynx to esophagus where peristalsis push the food into the stomach.

The stomach produces a gastric juice which kills all the bacteria. The gastric juice also contains pepsin in it. Pepsin is an enzyme chemically breaks down proteins. Then the liver makes bile and sends it to the gallbladder and the gallbladder sends it to the small intestine. In the small intestine the bile salts absorbs and digests fats and holds onto wastes from the liver.

This takes place in the duodenum the first part of the small intestine. The duodenum is where the stomach juice comes next after being in stomach and is churned with juices from the liver, pancreas and gallbladder. The pancreas then sends enzymes to the small intestine such as amylases or maltase. Amylases are proteins that turn starch into sugar. Maltase finishes digestion by splitting the two molecules in glucose apart. Then the small intestine absorbs the nutrients from the food through small finger like projections called the villi that are on the lining of the small intestine.Other enzymes that occur in the small intestine are nucleases. Nucleases chemically break down the DNA and RNA in our food and put it the correct nucleic acids. After that the large intestine absorbs the excess water. Then the rectum pushes the feces (poop) out. In the winter bears hibernate and don't eat for 5-6 months. This means that they slow down there metabolism which means that they do not need food throughout their hibernation. When they do wake up they eat berries, fish, rabbits, plants, deer and other organisms.

Tks For The Listening Eyees

This project is done by Ryan,Zackary,Zhi khong,Jun hao,Ghim Hee and Aloysius