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The occurrence of reverse mutations helps distinguish point mutation from large mutation from large mutational events like deletions.

Reverse Mutations and Mutagenic Agents

Exposure to Extrme Physical Conditions

Ionizing Radiation

  • Temperature shocks
  • Centrifugations

High-energy radiation capable of producing ionization in substances through which it passes. It includes nonparticulate radiation, such as x-rays, and radiation produced by energetic charged particles, such as alpha and beta rays, and by neutrons, as from a nuclear reaction.

Chemical Mutagens

Reverse Mutations

These are mutagenic agents that are caused by chemicals such as chloral hydrate, acenaphthene, nitrous acid

Mutagenic Agents

A mutation of an existing mutant gene that restores it to its previous form or the reversion of a mutant to the original phenotype.

Mutation may occur spontaneously or may be induced. The mutagenic agents are varied and their effectivity may be specific in certain cases or general in other cases.

Cell Regeneration

  • Deletion is a reverse mutation restoring exact portion of genetic material.
  • Point mutation caused by a small chemical change without a significant gain or loss of genetic material.

Removal of young shoots or axillary buds will induce callus formation.

Hybridization

References:

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reverse+mutation

http://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/advanced/topics/Pages/ReverseGeneticTools.aspx

http://www.genpharmtox.de/downloads/AssaySheetAMESTEST.pdf

http://www.slideshare.net/DrRiteshshiwakoti/mutagens

The naturally occuring and the experimental allopolyploids are protects of interspecific or intergeneric hybridiztion.

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