Sino-Soviet split

Origins and history

Stalin's luke-warm support for Mao. He'd never liked the idea of a rival.

Stalin's continued support for the GMD till end of WW2

Mao's own egoism and sense of greatness.

Conflicting ideologies:Maoism Vs Stalinism

Geo-political rivalry

Both Nationalistic

Tsarist imperialism

Bolsheviks had taken over Outer Manchuria in 1919

In the years following the Communist victory in China, the Soviet Union became its closest ally.

• Soviet equipment and skilled labour was set out to help industrialize and modernize the PRC. Ideas such as Lysenkoism were given...

But the extent of actual support, while not insignificant, fell well below Chinese expectations.

1949

Questions facing the PRC in 1949

What was her position in the Communist hierarchy? Equal?

Should a weak China attempt to spread World Revolution?

How would China interpret Marx?

Maoism Vs Stalinism key points

Disagreed upon the role of the peasant in the revolution

Disagreed upon foreign policy:

• The aim to have peaceful co-existence with the USA Vs continuing revolution (Cultural Revolution) - "Death to the American imperialists and all their running dogs!"

Both agreed upon industrialisation and Collectivitaion, repression, gulags and terror.

Both were Nationalistic

Both used the Cult of personality to great effect.

For both, the ideology was whatever they made it. e.g. The Little Red Book. Mao's bible.

1950 Sino-Soviet treaty of Alliance

Very begrudging

Stalin's aid was a loan not a gift (plus interest)

Wasn't this foreigners exploiting China again? A more neo-imperialism?

Disagreed with Khruschev's 1956 Secret speech

Mao had been Stalin's 'friend'...

Taiwan crisis 1958

Krushchev had failed to give moral support.

What a "redundant old boot"

1958 Pool talks

Khrushchev's hotel had no air conditioning and was plagued with mosquitoes!

Not a success...Krushchev hated water and Mao knew it. Mao was getting revenge for the way he'd been treated in Moscow in 1949.

Mao you %++!

Accused Mao of being a Trotskyite, who was so concerned with World Revolution that they'd lost sight of political reality.

Referred to Mao as "an Asian Hitler" and a "living corpse"!

Border clashes and tensions throughout the 60's and 70's

USSR support for India in 1962 war (USSR neutral, but sent India MiG's.

1962 Cuban missile crisis- Khrushchev backed down. What a coward!

1964 First Chinese atomic bomb!

Vietnam

Soong Ching-ling

Had been Sun Yat Sen’s wife.

Supported the Communists over the GMD

She became Vice Chairman of the PRC

Gave North Vietnam aid and arms between 1963 and 1975

Gave Ho Chi Minh moral and diplomatic support

Supported Pol Pot in Cambodia during the times of the Killing Fields (1975-79)

Mao died in 1976 and was replaced by the 'Gang of Four'

Vietnam invaded Cambodia in 1978 and overthrew Pol Pot.

The Sino-Soviet split

The Great helmsman

1898-1976

2.5 out of 7 million people were killed.