Introducing
Your new presentation assistant.
Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.
Trending searches
IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE CIVIL WAR
The civil war was fought in two separate phases, 1927-37 and 1946-49 respectively, as a result of the interruption of the Sino-Japanese war. The Chinese Civil war lies in its social, political and economic instability within the Chinese society. Although there are many causes to the outbreak of the war, the Opium War, the overthrow of the Manchu Dynasty coupled with the death of Sun Yat-Sei and later Yuan Shikai.
The First Chinese Civil War: 1927 – 1937 started with the 'white terror' the decade when Chiang Kai Shek and the KMT tried unsuccessfully to root out the
Communists.
2nd & 3rd Extermination Campaign (1931):
Attack again. Forced to cancel because of Japanese
invasion of Manchuria
4th Extermination Campaign (1933)
Japan. Again.
5th Extermination Campaign
Seige
KMT control was re-established
Neglected and failed to deal with China's social and economic reforms
Japan's aggression in China was encouraged by the KMT's concentration on the destruction of the CCP
Social support was declining.
Long March (1934-35).
THE LONG MARCH
The Long March (October 1934-October 1935) was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army.
Encirclement Campaigns refers to campaigns launched by forces of the Chinese Nationalist Government against forces of the Communist Party of China during the Chinese Civil War. The campaigns were launched between the late 1920s to the mid-1930s with the goal of isolating and destroying the developing Chinese Red Army.
The Second United Front was the brief alliance between the Chinese Nationalists Party (Kuomintang, or KMT) and Communist Party of China (CPC) to resist the
Japanese invasion during the Second Sino-Japanese War, which suspended the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1946.
Mao proposed that the two parties suspend hostilities to fight the Japanese
“Japanese were a disease of the skin; communism is a disease of the heart”- Chiang Kai-shek
Kidnapping of Chiang
Kai-shek by two of
his generals.
CAMPAIGN BY CCP
MAIN CONFLICTS BETWEEN CCP & KMT
Ideology of the KMT: Three Principles of The People
Mínzú (Nationalism)
Mínquán (Democracy)
A MAP SHOWING THE FIRST ENCIRCLEMENT CAMPAIGN.
IT WAS AGAINST THE JIANGXI SOVIET
Mínshēng (Livelihood)
Breakup of the First United Front:
CCP's ideologies under Mao Zedong:
CAMPAIGN BY KMT
*Both parties had ulterior motives in forming the alliance, aside from defeating the warlords.
*CCP wanted to broaden its membership by seeping through the KMT and take over after the fighting was done; whereas Sun simply needed Soviet aid to defeat the the warlords.
*After Sun's death, KMT leadership split into right and leftist wings. Left KMT at Wuhan kept alliance while the rightists at Nanking under Chiang became hostile.
*This led to the 1927 Shanghai massacres of the Communists overseen Chiang, after which, the CCP and KMt became openly against each other and Civil War started.
Objective
Unify China under KMT
End the Warlord Rule
Military Leader – Chiang Kai Shek
Success – CCP and KMT worked together
Targets – 1. Wu Peifu (Central Plain)
2. Sun Chuanfang (East Coast)
3. Zhang Zuolin (Governed Manchuria)
1st Extermination Campaign (1930-31):
Chiang ordered attack on Communist Red Army
CCP began to contend for Leadership of China
National Revolution into Bolshevik Revolution
Personal enmity, not Ideological differences
led to the split Alliance came to an end
Why CCP prevailed over KMT?
Overview of the route of the Long March
THE RISE OF CHIANG KAI-SHEK'S DICTATORSHIP
A. The power of Chiang Kai-shek
B. Measures taken by Chiang Kai-shek to strengthen his party dictatorship
PROBLEMS OF DISUNITY
Disunity over China at large: incomplete political unification
Disunity within the KMT government: factional struggles
Defection of the KMT army
A Communist soldier waving the Nationalists' flag of the Republic of China after a victorious battle against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
SECOND SINO-JAPANESE WAR
The Second United Front proved to be an alliance in name only.
INTERNAL REFORMS UNDERTAKEN BY THE KMT GOVERNMENT, 1928 1937
Economic reform
Improvements in communication
Social reform
Co-operation between the CCP and KMT during the Sino-Japanese War was minimal
KMT forces engaged more in open conflict with Japanese forces, while the CCP avoided this, opting instead for guerrilla techniques
FAILURE
SIGNIFICANCE AND CONCLUSION
The KMT's failure
Inefficiency and Corruption
No improvement in Peasant poverty
Little improvement in factory conditions
No effective resistance to Japanese
CCP OBJECTIVE
The Second United Front was formed
XI-AN INCIDENT
January 1941-End of Second United Front
ONE QUESTION BEFORE WE END.
KMT OBJECTIVE
WHICH PARTY WOULD YOU SUPPORT AND WHY?
IMPORTANCE OF THE LONG MARCH
AIM
To end the rule of warlords in China