Lifelines Of National Economy

LIFELINES OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

COMMUNICATION

PRESENTATION BY

HIRA KANNAN

SUNANDANA DEV

SNEKHAA PRIYAA

SWATHY SELVARAJU

LAVANYA RAVI

GRADE X

TVS ACADEMY HOSUR

• refers to exchange of ideas, messages, emotions, either written or oral form one place to another

TRANSPORT

People engaged in the process – TRADERS

Classification

MAILS IN INDIA

• six mail channels have been introduced recently for quick delivery of mails in towns and cities. Namely: Rajdhani channel, Metro channel

• INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF INDIA

• IMPORTS - what we get from other countries
• EXPORTS - what we send to other countries
• Balance of trade- difference between values of exports and imports [ favourable if exports exceeds imports]

RAILWAYS

• Principal transport for passengers in India
• Konkan: Movement of passenger and goods

ADVANTAGES

Factors for distribution

• Physiography
• Economy
• Administrative

Growth

WATERWAYS

1. Vast level land

2. High population density

3. Rich agricultural resources

Obstacle

• From time immemorial , India was the seafaring countries.
• Cheapest transport and useful in carrying heavy goods.
• Fuel efficient and environment friendly.
• Inland navigation-14,500 km , are navigable by mechanised boats.
• 95% of country’s trade is moved by sea.

Unfavorable Conditions

1. Construction of bridges

ROADWAYS

India has one of the world’s largest road network (2.3 million km)

Sea ports

• India has a long coast line [7516.6km]with 12 major and 187 notified non major ports.
• Major ports handle 95% of India’s foreign trade.

Classification (utility)

ADVANTAGES

National Highways

EASTERN PORTS

connect extreme areas

maintained by CPWD

Example : NH 01 between Delhi and Amritsar

Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways (mega-cities)

• CHENNAI PORT-Oldest artificial port. Next in volume of trade and cargo after Mumbai.
• VISHKHAPATNAM PORT-Deepest landlocked and was conceived for iron ore exports.
• PARADWIP PORT- [Odisha]export of iron ore.
• KOLKATA PORT-Inland riverine port . Rich hinterland of Ganga-Brahmaputra basin . Tidal port and needs dredging of Hoogly.

Tuticorin

• Southeastern port in Tamil Nadu.
• Natural harbor and rich hinterland.
• Flourishing trade with variety of cargoes transported to even our neighboring countries like Maldives.

State Highways

link state’s capital with other district

Constructed and maintained by state public work department

Western ports

• MUMBAI PORT-Biggest port , well sheltered.
• JAWAHARLAL NEHRU PORT-with view of Mumbai port. A hub port in Mumbai.
• MARMAGAO PORT-at Goa. Exports premier iron ore. 50% of India’s iron ore export.
• MANGLORE PORT-[ Karnataka].Export of iron ore concentrates from Kudremukh mines.
• KOCHCHI PORT- Extreme south western port a with natural harbor.

District Roads

connect district headquarters with other places of district

Maintained by zila parishad

Kandla port

• In Kutch, first port after independence to ease volume of trade on Mumbai port.
• Built to the loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after partition.
• Convenient handling of exports and imports of highly productive granary.
• Industrial belt stretching across Jammu and Kashmir to Gujarat caters the exports and provides the imports.

Other Roads

Rural roads that connects villages and towns

Received special impetus under PMGSY

Border Roads

Government of India constructs and maintains the roads in the borders of India

Classification based on the material used

Metalled and unmetalled roads

Metalled – made of cement, concrete or bitumen of coal

All weathered road

Unmetalled- seasonal weathered road

Go out of use during rainy season

Introduction

PIPELINES

• Past- transportation of water
• Now-crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas (gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and thermal power plants)
• Solids- can be transported in the form of slurry

TOURISM AS TRADE

• Goods and services need to be transported to the area of demand
• fast development- creates need for efficient communication and transportation

• transport + trade +communication = complementary

Major Pipelines In India

From oil field in upper Assam to Kanpur via Guwahati, Barauni and Allahabad

Salaya (gujarat) to jalandhar (punjab) via Mathura (UP)

• Setback-initial cost of laying pipelines-HIGH

Hazira-Vijaypur-Jagdishpur natural gas pipeline

• people of different regions come closer. It promotes NATIONAL INTEGRATION
• people of different countries meet one and another. they exchange views and understand one and other. Thus it promotes INTERNATIONAL UNDERSTANDING.
• supports local handicrafts and cultural pursuits
• India earns a big amount of foreign exchange through tourism
• gives employment to nearly 1.5 crore people. Thus tourism is an INVISIBLE TRADE.

AIRWAYS

• Fastest, most comfortable
• ADVANTAGES- can cover very difficult terrains with great ease, has made access easier
• SETBACK- expensive, in some areas not within the reach of common people
• 1953-Air Transport nationalized

design by Dóri Sirály for Prezi