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In-text citations

(Author [last name], year of publication, page number of source)

Citation, used three ways...

According to Jones (1998), "Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).

Jones (1998) found "students often had difficulty using APA style" (p. 199); what implications does this have for teachers?

She stated, "Students often had difficulty using APA style" (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.

Long citation

  • 40 words or longer
  • Indented 1/2 inch
  • double-spaced

Jones's (1998) study found the following:

Students often had difficulty using APA style,

especially when it was their first time citing sources.

This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many

students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask

their teacher for help. (p. 199)

Summary or paraphrase

  • Make reference to the author and year of publication
  • APA guidelines encourage you to also provide the page number

According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.

APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199).

Reference page

  • Used by the reader to locate your sources.
  • Include only those works cited in the paper.
  • All works cited must be in the Reference list

Sample reference entry (journal)

Author's last name, first inital. (year of publication). Title of work.

[italics] Name of Journal, [italics] volume number, pages of the article cited

APA style

Short quotations

  • Punctuation after the parenthesis

(Jones, 1998, p. 199)

.

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