Mongol Empire

Mongol Empire

Ben Chapman

Demography

Religion

Social Structure

Politics

When Genghis Khan became the leader of the Mongol Empire he set up religious freedom. The empire had religions from Buddhism to Christianity to Islam. The three most popular religions within the empire were Shamanism, Tengrism, and Buddhism.

The Mongolian Empire was a result of the unification of all nomadic tribes by Genghis Khan in the year 1206. The empire's government consisted of a supreme ruler, councils of sages, and Ikh Khuraldai (a general assembly) to make final decisions on state-related issues

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Mongol families consisted of wives being brought in for their sons and daughters were married into other clans. Compared to other civilizations at this time, women had the power to influence their society. Men still dominated the Empire but often turned to their wives for advice.

At the peak of the empire in 1279, the Mongol Empire covered over up to 22% of Earth's total land area. During this time, the empire also surpassed 100 million people in population. The Mongols were known for their nomadic traits which allowed them to take over their massive territory.

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Examples

1. The Mongol people settled over all of Eurasia and carried on military campaigns from the Adriatic Sea to Indonesia and from Japan to Palestine.

2. The Mongols were known to lead military campaigns thousands of miles from the Mongol heartland into Europe and Asia.

1. A wife's devotion to her husband continued even after his death. Remarrying during the Mongol Empire did not occur often. Instead, her youngest son or her youngest brother took care of her.

2. Mongol women had many more freedoms than their neighboring states. Women refused to adopt the practice of footbinding and did not wear chadors.

1. Genghis Khan served as the supreme ruler of the Mongol Empire from 1206 to his death in 1227.

2. In 1294, the empire split into four individual khanates, all with their own government and separate interests.

1. Daoism is the only religion the Mongols did not support due to the conflicts with the Buddhist religion.

2. The Mongols also supported Buddhism and recruited a number of monks to help them rule China and promote the interests of Buddhism.

Culture

Economics

Interactions

Technology

Genghis Khan made the Mongol Empire center their economy around trade with their neighboring states. Khan strongly protected the Silk Road in order to establish trade and an economical relationship with merchants.

The Mongol Empire's territory stretched across Asia and its touch stretched to Europe. The Mongols were responsible for transferring ideas from Asia to Europe and Europe back to Asia. The Mongols used the Silk Road to remain in contact with many states and merchants all the way to Europe.

While the Mongols did not produce much literature or fine art during the Mongol Empire, they became great patrons of the arts, supporting artists and artisans of all kinds. During Genghis Khan's rule, textile workers, architects, stone carvers and jewelers were relocated the Empire to create the magnificent works of art desired by the Mongols.

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The Mongol Empire was one of the most efficient civilizations in history. Their ideas and inventions were carried from Asia to the Middle East to Europe. The Mongols had studies in astronomy, mathematics, engineering,and banking

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1. The Mongols developed a unique form of singing known as throat singing or khoomi. It is sound like multiple notes are being sung at the same time.

2. Later in the empire, the Mongols became known for blue porcelain arts and elaborate staged theatrical plays.

Examples

1. Before his death in 1227, Khan authorized the use of paper money in the empire. The money was backed by silks and metals.

2. In 1253, the empire established a Department of Monetary affairs to control the issuance of paper money in order to eliminate the over issuing of currency by Mongol and non-Mongol nobles

1. The Mongols establish economic and diplomatic relations with Korea, Vietnam, India, and most of Europe through their massive trading network.

2. The Mongols took the invention of the triangular plow to help China's agriculture in China. They also took the Chinese blast furnace to Europe to make metal working easier and stronger.

1.The Mongols created services stations, called yams, every twenty miles to protect travelers and provide a place to relax along the Silk Road.

2. The Mongols also created the world’s first passport that travelers hung around their necks to show where they were heading on the Silk Road.