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What is Sodium Chloride?
Sodium chloride, or better known as table salt, is a solid, colorless, clear, crystal. Sodium chloride is formed with the elements Sodium and Chlorine, having a formula of NaCl
How is it formed?
One of the ways sodium chloride forms is when hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are mixed, causing a double displacement, and the water formed evaporates
Formula= NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
This is also why sodium chloride is often found in large bodies of water or salt water areas
Chemical and Physical properties
Sodium chloride has a melting point of 801 oC, dissolves in water, has a density of 2.17 g/cm3, and is non flammable
Safety Issues
Sodium chloride doesn't have many safety issues but may cause irritation if it gets into the eyes or open cuts. It can also lead to health problems if too much is ingested
Chemical reactions involving Sodium Chloride
One of the most common reactions with Sodium chloride is sodium chloride solution (NaCl + H2O = Na+ + Cl-) because it is a mix of water and sodium chloride
Another reaction with sodium chloride, is sodium chloride and silver nitrate. when the substances are combined, they cause a double displacement between the compounds (AgNO3 + NaCl= AgCl + NaNO3) creating silver chloride and sodium nitrate
The next chemical reaction involving sodium chloride is sodium chloride and potassium nitrate, in which a single displacement occers (NaCl+KNO3=NaNO3 + KCl) creating sodium nitrate and potassium chloride
The final chemical reaction involing sodium chloride is sodium chloride and sulfuric acid in which a double displacement occers (NaCl + H2SO4 = NaHSO4 + HCl) creating sodium bisulfate and hydrochloric acid
Sodium Chloride's effects on the environment and economy
While it is mostly harmless for people, Sodium Chloride can have negative effects on the environment. If salt from roads run off into fresh water lakes or streams, it can affect the animals and plants in these ecosystems that aren't used to the salt, even affecting plants and animals not in these lakes and streams
However, for instance, road salts used in winter can play a large part in the economy as they are frequently used to defrost roads, which can be very important to the safety of drivers.
Sodium chloride is also, of course, sold largely as an additive for foods to add more flavour and is often included in the foods
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