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Transcript
Oil and Gas
Basic
- Oil and gas usually found together
- Created from animal remains and millions of years of pressure, heat and bacteria
- Used for energy
- Most of Canada’s oil comes from Alberta
- Pumps are used to extract oil and gas
Creation
- Oil and gas formed millions of years ago
- Created because of remains of marine animals and plants that fell to ground
- The remains got covered by sand and silt
- The weight compressed the remains and with the help of bacteria, heat, and pressure the remains turned into oil and gas.
Places to Find Oil
- Geologic history that has allowed oil and gas to form
- Rock structures that allow the trapping of soil
- Places identified with fossils
- Rocks that on surface that clue presence of oil
Searching for Oil and Gas
- Seismic surveys; shock waves into ground to locate presence of oil and gas
- Drilling into ground
- Observing rocks that contain right conditions for oil and gas to form
Development
- 2 ways to retract oil and gas
- Flowing wells and non-flowing wells
- Very difficult to remove oil and gas from deposits
Flowing Wells
- Flow is natural
- Great pressure brings oil to top
- Valves control flow of oil
- Valve series called “Christmas Tree”
Non-flowing Wells
- Used when there isn't enough pressure
- Electric-powered or gasoline-powered pumps are used to retract oil and gas
Development
- Gas, oil, and water are separated once reached to surface
- Once separated oil and gas are transported through pipes to petroleum refineries
Location
- Most of Canada's oil comes from the Boreal Plains and Praries ecozones (B.C, Saskatchewan, Alberta, N.W.T)
- Newly discovered areas include Atlantic Coast and Arctic
- Most of the Oil sands and Gas fields are in Alberta
- Oil and Gas are environmental hazards and is destroying our ozone
- Burning these resources put emissions into our atmosphere, causing health problems and natural disasters (global change)
Future
- Canada at the moment is rated second, according to the EIA, for oil and gas reserves
- By 2050 it is thought that Canada will turn out the top in the world of oil and gas production
Trading
- Canada's Natural Gas is mainly traded within our own provinces and the USA
- They're transported through pipelines across provinces and states
- Canada's oil is traded with our western, central provinces ( as most of its imported in the eastern/maritime)and the USA (also with pipelines)