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Clara Zetkin

Socialism in the 19th Century

Clara was a german feminist socialist who declared that March 8th was International Working Women's Day.

After coming back from being expelled from Germany she started organizing women into trade unions and into the SPD.

She took a Marxist approach to the question on women's liberation.

Evolution

Karl Marx saw capitalism as a progressive historical stage that would eventually stall due to internal contradictions and be followed by socialism. Normative Marxism advocates for a revolutionary overthrow of capitalism that would lead to socialism, before eventually transforming into communism after class antagonisms and the state cease to exist.

Robert Owen

What is socialism?

Robert Owen is considered to be the founder of utopian socialism. He introduced the idea of a 10 hour work shift and later he managed to prevent pauper children from being forced to work and withdrew all children under the age of 10 from working in the factory

Socialism is an ideology whose defining condition is ownership of the means of production by the government or by a collective.

Henri de Saint-Simon

Henri is one of the founding fathers of Christian socialism. He was probably the first thinker to try to bring together physics, physiology, psychology, history, politics, and economics in the study of humanity and society.

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