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Born in Lodz Poland
Shy and sensitive woman
Aimed to not only to describe but to also understand
Unusually thoughtful, lovely and lively
11th of 13 children
20 she went to Palestine Europe then Vienna,
1958 Ph.D. in social Research
Philosophy and psychology
settled in Washington D.C.
Child psychotherapy and private practice.
She was much more accepted then Josef because it contained solid case histories of art and therapy
Mala found that most of her education came from the students she taught in Palestine and Vienna.
She believed that in each field we are constantly learning and growing.
She was much more accepted then Josef because it contained solid case histories of art and therapy
Drew, Painted, poetry, embroidery, sculpting wood and clay, music, and formed bread loafs into fairy tale creatures
Enjoyed arts and crafts of all kinds
Phenomenology
Human Science
Self-Discovery Through Self-Expression (1973)
Filled with what was thought to be some of the best case studies ever written
Approaches to AT (1987)
What do you see? Phenomenology of Therapeutic Art Expression (1995)
sources and outline can be
obtained by request.
Questions?
Bibliography
Betensky, M. G., & Rubin, a. J. (1995). What Do You See?: Phenomenology of Therapeutic Art Expression. Jessica Kingsley.
Brooke, S. L. (2006). Creative Arts Therapies Manual: A Guide to the History, Theoretical Approaches, Assessment, And Work With Special Populations of Art, Play, Dance, Music, Drama, And Poetry Therapies (1 ed.). Charles C Thomas Pub Ltd.
Josef Garai. (n.d.). Retrieved from Archives: http://www.ancientfaces.com/person/josef-e-garai/14280467
Psychotherapy, T. B. (n.d.). Josef Garai Art Therapy Section. Retrieved from Art Therapy Guide: http://www.alternativemedicines.yourabconline.com/art/josef-garai-art-therapy.php
Rubin, J. (1999, Nov). Mala Gitlin Betensky. American Journal of Art Therapy, 38(2), 38-39.
Rubin, J. A. (Ed.). (2001). Approaches to Art Therapy: Theory and Technique (2 ed.). Routledge.
Born in Germany
Married twice
Ph.D. in Psychology
New York University
October 15, 1910 – June 8, 1999
Photographer and a Poet
Contacted by Arthur Robbins (sculptor)
Partners to combine the arts and psychology
Studied Freud’s idea at the age of 12
Lectured to anyone who would listen
Initiated Humanistic Oriented AT, at Pratt Institute NY
July 5 1914- Nov 29 1995
1970 created a free standing art school
Creativity Development and Art Therapy
Found work for Graduate students using their art
1971 - Humanistic Art Therapy paper
Creativity Development and Art Therapy
People viewed it as wild and unorthodox
Existentialism
Phenomenology
understanding and acceptance of one's own existence and responsibility
Direct Experiences
We are wired to grow
Always moving towards fictional goal
Goal towards divine model (move towards)
Self can decide right from wrong
rid Guilt and inferiority
(Religion...effect or cause?)
People are ultimately Good
We can solve our own problems
You Control YOUR Life
Found by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Third Force of Psychology
Frued 1st force.
Watson 2nd Force,
Rogers 3rd
You choose to do bad
People are NOT seen as “mentally ill”
Inability to cope with life's common phenomenon's
Self-actualization or spirituality (something more)
Live for today
Past can influence, but you chose to be how you want to be
You have a unique experience,
I cannot see how you see.
The present is the most important aspect of the person and therefore humanists focus on the here and now rather than looking at the past or trying to predict the future.
Humanistic theory is reality based and to be psychologically healthy people must take responsibility for themselves, whether the person's actions are positive or negative.
The individual, merely by being human, posses an inherent worth. Actions may not be positive but this does not negate the value of the person.
The goal of life should always be to achieve personal growth and understanding. Only through self-improvement and self-knowledge can one truly be happy.
Originated by Carl Rogers & Abraham Maslow in 1950s
Concerned with nature of human experience
Optimistic approach
It went against the commonly studied Freudian psychoanalysis