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Naturalism and Realism in the Theatre

His Work

Emile Zola

Darwinism and the Foundations of Naturalism

Henrik Ibsen

The Origin of Species shows that humans are beings in nature and that they are affected by the environment. This influenced theatre makers and writers to have plays which show this onstage and through the characters.

Tyler Mortimer directed "One For The Road" by Pinter and when asked about his experience he said, "a lot of what you see in terms of design and delivery of the text is as honest as possible."

"Father of Realism"

"I suggest that there can be no hard distinctions between what is real and what is false; it can be both true and false… Because ‘reality’ is quite a strong, firm word, we tend to think, or to hope, that the state to which it refers is equally strong… It doesn’t seem to be, and in my opinion, it’s no worse for that.”

Thought naturalism was application of scientific method to the production of literature and theatre.

He wanted to have characters that were influenced by the environment and that had psychological motivation for their actions.

Harold Pinter

To Conclude

August Strindberg

Weak

Strong

Seminal in the development of modern drama.

Reality vs. Real

Same for everyone

Different for everyone

The preface to Miss Julie is widely regarded as the "manifesto to modern drama".

A dramatist that draws all these opinions together is Chekhov, who focused on scientific, objective detail to present situations as they actually are and not have prescribed solutions.

Bibliography

Gale, M and Deeney, J(2010). Naturalism and Symbolism. In: Gale, M and Deeney, J Routledge Drama Anthology and Sourcebook: From Modernism to Contemporary Performance. London: Routledgge. P6-163

Allain, P and Harvie, J. (2006). Concepts and Practices In Allain, P and Harvie, J The Routledge Companion to Theatre and Performance. Abingdon, Oxon:Routledge. P170-180

Innes, C (2000). A Sourcebook on Naturalist Theatre. New York: Routledge.P11-13

Spark Notes. (October 30, 2014). The Cherry Orchard. Available: http://www.sparknotes.com/drama/cherryorchard/themes.html. Last accessed 5 Nov 2014.

Trumbull, E. (2009) Introduction to Theatre Realism. Available:http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/spd130et/realism.htm. last accessed 5th November 2014

Strindberg, A. (1964). Strindberg's preface to Miss Julie. In: Michael Mayer. Strindberg Plays:One. 14th ed. London: Methuen. P93-99

Zarrilli, P McConache, B Williams, G Fisher Sorgenfrei, C (2010). Theatre Histories an Introduction. Oxon: Routledge. p392

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