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Exoplanet-Doppler effects

What is an Exoplanet?

An exoplanet is a planet outside the Solar System.

How can we find them??

What is the Doppler effect?

How do we find the exoplanet with the doppler effect?

As a planet orbits a star, both objects orbit around the center of mass. The movement of the star can be detected by looking at its spectral lines.

How do we acquire the mass of the exoplanet

What is Kepler’s 3rd Law??

Result and Conclusion

Limitation of using the doppler effect

Additional Research

Approximately 0.03nm

Real FWHM : 0.04nm -> 0.01nm is caused by rotation

-> rotation velocity of the star 5km/s

We can observe the dimming of light!!

In that case we can use the doppler effects!!

Different ways of finding Exoplanets

What about planets that don't transit the star??

Team 6

Doppler Effect :

The Doppler effect is the change in frequency of a wave when the source and the receiver have relative movement between each other.

  • Find wavelengths of the first and second Sodium spectrum line in each day(​​1, ​​2).

  • Calculate the wavelength shift using ordinary wavelength(Δ​​1, Δ​​2).

  • Using the doppler method, find the radial velocity of the star.

  • Using model, , fitting the data, find a period.
  • Using the mass of the star estimated by its Spectral type, we can find a orbit radius of the planet(Kepler’s 3rd law).

  • According to the formula of gravity and centripetal force, we can acquire the velocity of the exoplanet.

  • Finally, calculate the mass of the exoplanet using the conservation of linear momentum.

Kepler’s 3rd Law :

The square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.

Broadening

This is an inhabitable planet

Target planet

Minimum Mass of the exoplanet

The Orbit of Exoplanet could be tilted from our point of view causing the decrease from the true velocity of star by cos i (angle of tilt)

Thermal doppler broadening Rotation

Zeeman effect

Stark effect

Too little mass -> insufficient wiggle to be measured -> Can't be used

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