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Kindergarten was discovered by Friedrich Froebel.

Horace Mann the First Secretary of Massachusetts Board of Education

Education was not a important focus of Americans within the antebellum period. The person most identified with the common school movement was Horace Mann, a member of the Massachusetts state legislature, and then secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education.

Education

Problems with the American School System:

-During the 1830s, no state had a system of universal

public education.

-In some regions, many teachers were almost illiterate.

-In the West, where the population wasn't as concentrated, many children had no access to schools.

-In the South, blacks were excluded from the school system.

-The majority of Native Americans were not able to receive an education, either by circumstance or by choice.

1890 ~ 1920

State campaigns brought some success.

Women won the right to vote in Colorado in 1893

In 1890, the two sides of the movement joined to form the National American Woman Suffrage Association, a union long pursued by Susan B. Anthony, the first president of the new organization.

The goal of the abolitionist movement was the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the

end of racial discrimination and segregation.

From the 1830s until 1870, the abolitionist

movement attempted to achieve immediate emancipation of all slaves and the ending of

racial segregation and discrimination.

Civil war to 1820, women's rights were limited.

During the war Susan B. Anthony and other politically active reformers organized the Women's National Loyal League in New York to collect signatures on petitions

Abolitionism

Antebellum reform movements

Women's Right

Frederick Douglass—a former slave who had been known as Frederick Bailey while in slavery and

who was the most famous black man among the abolitionists broke with William Lloyd Garrison’s newspaper.

While women in the antebellum period were far

from being seen as equal citizens in the American Republic, many benefited from increased opportunities and changes in social attitudes which became apparent before the Civil War.

While Sojourner Truth, Douglass, Delaney

and others wrote and spoke to end slavery,

a former slave named Harriet Tubman. After

escaping from bondage herself, she made

repeated trips into Dixie to help others.

Believed to have helped some 300 slaves

to escape

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