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Reconstruction
18
GOAL!
Johnson's Impeachment
Johnson dismissed Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton
House of Representives voted 126 to 47 to impeach Johnson
- "high crimes and misdemeanors"
House prosecuters
Benjamin Butler and Thaddeus Stevens
May 16, 1868 one vote shy of 2/3 needed for impeachment
Readmittance to the Union
TN - July 24, 1866 - ratified the 14th Amendment
AR - June 22, 1868 - 1874 homerule
NC - June 25, 1868 - 1870 homerule
AL - June 25, 1868 - 1874 homerule
FL - June 25, 1868 - 1877 homerule - troops 1877
LA - June 25, 1868 - 1877 homerule
SC - June 25, 1968 - 1877 homerule
VA - January 26,1870 - 1869 homerule
MS - February 23, 1870 - 1876 homerule
TX - March 30, 1870 - 1874 homerule
GA - June 25, 1868 and July 15,1870 - 1872 homerule
Congressional Reconstruction
led by Charles Sumner(MA) and Thaddeus Stevens(PA)
Divided the South into 5 military districts
commanded by a Union General
policed by Union soldiers (20,000 total)
Ratify the 14th Amendment
Civil Rights Amendments
Reconstruction
13th - Abolished Slavery (1865)
14th - Citizenship Rights (1868)
1) confered civil rights, including citizenship
2) reduced proprtionately the representation of a state in Congress if denied blacks the ballot
3) disqualified from federal and state office for Confederates
4) guarenteed the federal debt
15th - African American suffrage (1870)
Black Codes
laws designed to regulate the affairs of emancipated blacks
Mississippi passed the 1st in Nov. 1865
1) ensure stable and subservient labor force
2) restore the pre-emancipation system of race relations
Oppressive laws - re-enslaved
Johnson's Reconstruction Plan
recognized several of the 10% plan
Confederates with taxable property > 20,000 could petition president with personal pardon
Special state conventions
repeal ordinances of secession
repudiate all Confederate debts
ratify the 13th Amendment
"10 percent" Reconstruction Plan
1865 - 1877
Lincoln - 1863
A state could be reintegrated into the Union when 10% of its voters in the presidential election of 1860 had taken an oath of allegience to the U.S. and pledged to abide by emancipation
Formal erection of a state government
Andrew Johnson
17th president
TN
A southerner who earned the distrust of the South
A southerner who did not understand the North
A Democrat who had not been accepted by Republicans
A President who had never been elected in office
He was not at home in a Republican White House